Design and Application of a Spreadsheet-based Model of the Blast Furnace Factory

a b s t r a c tWe have investigated and modeled the injection of biomass into blast furnaces (BF), in place of pulverized coal (PC) from fossil sources. This is the easiest way to reduce CO 2 emissions, beyond efficiencyimprovements. The considered biomass is either pelletized, torrefied or pyrolyzed. It gives us three cases where we have calculated the maximum replacement ratio for each. It was found that charcoal from pyrolysis can fully replace PC, while torrefied material and pelletized wood can replace 22.8% and 20.0% respectively, by weight.Our energy and mass balance model (MASMOD), with metallurgical sub-models for each zone, further indicates that (1) more Blast Furnace Gas (BFG) will be generated resulting in reduced fuel consumption in an integrated plant, (2) lower need of limestone can be expected, (3) lower amount of generated slag as well, and (4) reduced fuel consumption for heating the hot blast is anticipated. Overall, substantial energy savings are possible, which is one of the main findings in this paper.Due to the high usage of PC in Sweden, large amounts of biomass is required if full substitution by charcoal is pursued (6.19 TWh/y). But according to our study, it is likely available in the long term for the blast furnace designated M3 (located in Luleå).Finally, over a year with almost fully used production capacity (2008 used as reference), a 28.1% reduction in on-site emissions is possible by using charcoal. Torrefied material and wood pellets can reduce the emissions by 6.4% and 5.7% respectively. The complete replacement of PC in BF M3 can reduce 17.3% of the total emissions from the Swedish steel industry.

show abstract

“…A 1-D static, heat and mass balance model (MASMOD) is used, introduced previously by Hooey et al [27]. Fig.…”

Section: Simulation and Maximum Replacement Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass as blast furnace injectant – Considering availability, pretreatment and deployment in the Swedish steel industry

Wang¹,

Mellin

Lövgren³

et al. 2015

Energy Conversion and Management

Self Cite

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The model is based on mass and energy balances calculated separately to both segments of the furnace. This kind of blast furnace modeling has been reported by Peacey and Davenport, 21) Rasul et al, 22) Hooey et al 23) and Ziebik et al. 24) The model assumption is that all the higher oxides in upper zone are reduced to wüstite when entering to thermal reserve zone.…”

Section: Ironmaking Processesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of Biomass Use in Integrated Steel Plant – Gate-to-gate Life Cycle Inventory Method

Suopajärvi

Fabritius

2012

ISIJ Int.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biomass use has been identified as one of the possibilities to mitigate fossil greenhouse gas emissions in iron and steelmaking. Biomass can be used to replace part of the fossil-based reducing agents in blast furnace without compromising the quality of the final product. The advantage of biomass compared to fossil-based fuels is that it is renewable energy source and can thus be considered carbon dioxide neutral within specified system boundaries. Few studies have been conducted where the effect of biomass introduction to blast furnace process have been evaluated with mathematical modeling or lab-scale experiments. The other body of literature concerns the life cycle based assessments. This study presents the effects of biomass use in plant site scale with energy balances and CO2 reduction potential. For the evaluation purposes integrated steel plant model based on physico-chemical relationships was developed. The model can be used for calculating gate-to-gate life cycle inventory for evaluating the environmental burden of the integrated steel plant. Effect of charcoal as tuyére injectant to blast furnace process was firstly evaluated. The results indicate that to replace 1 kg of specific heavy oil, 1.15 kg charcoal would be needed. Plant-wide effects of two distinct charcoal usage scenarios were evaluated and compared to base case scenario with fossil-based reducing agents. Plant site evaluation suggests that by introducing biomass to integrated steel plant, major changes in energy balances occur and significant fossil CO2 emission reduction can be achieved. This study indicates that 15.4 to 26.4% reduction in fossil CO2 emissions could be achieved in plant scale.

show abstract

“…The hydrogen contents of some typical BF injectants are as follows: pulverized coal 4 to 6 wt pct, coal tar 5 to 6 wt pct, heavy residual oil 11 to 12 wt pct, and natural gas 25 wt pct. It has been calculated that with a potential future technology called top gas recycling blast furnace with water-gas shift the H 2 and H 2 O contents could be as high as 30.3 and 18.9 vol pct in the top gas, [20] respectively. Modeling has also been done on H 2 injection into the blast furnace as a potential method to achieve reductions in CO 2 emissions.…”

Section: Gas Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coke Reactivity in Simulated Blast Furnace Shaft Conditions

Haapakangas

Suopajärvi

Iljana

et al. 2016

Metall Mater Trans B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Design and Application of a Spreadsheet-based Model of the Blast Furnace Factory

Abstract: Furthermore the Masmod model has been integrated with global steel plant optimization models and Process Integration models for more complex system analysis and optimization.

Cited by 42 publications

References 4 publications

Biomass as blast furnace injectant – Considering availability, pretreatment and deployment in the Swedish steel industry

Biomass as blast furnace injectant – Considering availability, pretreatment and deployment in the Swedish steel industry

Effects of Biomass Use in Integrated Steel Plant – Gate-to-gate Life Cycle Inventory Method

Coke Reactivity in Simulated Blast Furnace Shaft Conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Design and Application of a Spreadsheet-based Model of the Blast Furnace Factory

Abstract: Furthermore the Masmod model has been integrated with global steel plant optimization models and Process Integration models for more complex system analysis and optimization.

Cited by 42 publications

References 4 publications

Biomass as blast furnace injectant – Considering availability, pretreatment and deployment in the Swedish steel industry

Biomass as blast furnace injectant – Considering availability, pretreatment and deployment in the Swedish steel industry

Effects of Biomass Use in Integrated Steel Plant &ndash; Gate-to-gate Life Cycle Inventory Method

Coke Reactivity in Simulated Blast Furnace Shaft Conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effects of Biomass Use in Integrated Steel Plant – Gate-to-gate Life Cycle Inventory Method