Design and Analysis of Knee Joint for Transfemoral Amputees

Qadir, Muhammad Usman; Khan, Muhammad Awais; Hussain, Muzamal; Haq, Izhar Ul; Akhtar, Nizar; Shah, Kmaran

doi:10.1109/aims52415.2021.9466053

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Conversely, amputees who like to have more support or resistance to knee flexion require exponentially increasing damping, calculated through Equation ( 4) [52]. Equation (4) shows that the knee flexion angle (α) increases as the amputee performs a sitting activity. Accordingly, the damping of the knee joint is exponentially increased.…”

Section: Low-level Controller For Sittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LLA can be broadly categorized as transfemoral (above-knee) amputation (TFA), transtibial (below-knee) amputation (TTA), and hip/knee/foot disarticulation. The rehabilitation of below-knee amputees, including TTA and foot disarticulation, is uncomplicated due to knee joint preservation during amputation [ 4 ]. However, mechanized and intelligent devices are essential for the rehabilitation of above-knee amputees; therefore, transfemoral prostheses (TP) constitute an active area of research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Design, Analysis, and Development of Low-Cost State-of-the-Art Magnetorheological-Based Microprocessor Prosthetic Knee

Qadir,

Haq,

Khan

et al. 2024

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For amputees, amputation is a devastating experience. Transfemoral amputees require an artificial lower limb prosthesis as a replacement for regaining their gait functions after amputation. Microprocessor-based transfemoral prosthesis has gained significant importance in the last two decades for the rehabilitation of lower limb amputees by assisting them in performing activities of daily living. Commercially available microprocessor-based knee joints have the needed features but are costly, making them beyond the reach of most amputees. The excessive cost of these devices can be attributed to custom sensing and actuating mechanisms, which require significant development cost, making them beyond the reach of most amputees. This research contributes to developing a cost-effective microprocessor-based transfemoral prosthesis by integrating off-the-shelf sensing and actuating mechanisms. Accordingly, a three-level control architecture consisting of top, middle, and low-level controllers was developed for the proposed prosthesis. The top-level controller is responsible for identifying the amputee intent and mode of activity. The mid-level controller determines distinct phases in the activity mode, and the low-level controller was designed to modulate the damping across distinct phases. The developed prosthesis was evaluated on unilateral transfemoral amputees. Since off-the-shelf sensors and actuators are used in i-Inspire, various trials were conducted to evaluate the repeatability of the sensory data. Accordingly, the mean coefficients of correlation for knee angle, force, and inclination were computed at slow and medium walking speeds. The obtained values were, respectively, 0.982 and 0.946 for knee angle, 0.942 and 0.928 for knee force, and 0.825 and 0.758 for knee inclination. These results confirmed that the data are highly correlated with minimum covariance. Accordingly, the sensors provide reliable and repeatable data to the controller for mode detection and intent recognition. Furthermore, the knee angles at self-selected walking speeds were recorded, and it was observed that the i-Inspire Knee maintains a maximum flexion angle between 50° and 60°, which is in accordance with state-of-the-art microprocessor-based transfemoral prosthesis.

show abstract

Section: Low-level Controller For Sittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Analysis, and Development of Low-Cost State-of-the-Art Magnetorheological-Based Microprocessor Prosthetic Knee

Qadir,

Haq,

Khan

et al. 2024

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This indicates that composite behaviour and fracture are monitored by matrix condition [25]. Al 6061 composites with ceramic reinforcements possess greater physical and mechanical characteristics, making them a potential material for prosthetic devices with optimized strength [30,31] 4. Conclusions…”

Section: Impact Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of ceramic filled aluminum metal matrix composites: An Experimental and Computational analysis

Shekhawat

Agarwal

Singh

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With each passing year, new research is being carried out to discover materials with enhanced load-bearing capacity for prostheses and medical equipment. This study deals with the fabrication and mechanical testing of nano-zirconium oxide (n-ZrO2; 0–15 wt.%; at steps of 5%) reinforced Al 6061 prepared via a stir casting process. The effect of n-ZrO2 loading on physical and mechanical properties along with the detailed characterization has been systematically investigated. The density (2.6491–2.6812 g/cc), hardness (85–103 HV), tensile strength (147–227 MPa), tensile modulus (75–99 GPa), flexural strength (312–450 MPa), and impact strength (23–45 J) improved by increasing the wt.% of n-ZrO2 reinforcement particles. Furthermore, representative quantity element-based computational homogenization modeling was used to evaluate physical and mechanical properties. It was found to be in good agreement with the experimental results within a deviation of ~ 5%. The implication of these findings shows that 5 wt.% nano-ZrO2 reinforced Al 6061 composites (Al-ZC1) yielded better performance than pure Al 6061 alloy. This novel and comprehensive similarity throughout the examined properties for intricate microstructures perhaps be beneficial for designing optimum composite structures for prosthetic and orthotic applications.

show abstract

Design and Analysis of Knee Joint for Transfemoral Amputees

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Design, Analysis, and Development of Low-Cost State-of-the-Art Magnetorheological-Based Microprocessor Prosthetic Knee

Design, Analysis, and Development of Low-Cost State-of-the-Art Magnetorheological-Based Microprocessor Prosthetic Knee

Mechanical properties of ceramic filled aluminum metal matrix composites: An Experimental and Computational analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About