Rapid urbanization and industrialization have significantly
added
to the complexity of wastewater treatment, particularly due to the
presence of nonsegregated organic and aqueous phases, and hence, technology
to remove such mixed-phase pollutants is essential. A photocatalytic
iron-based metal–organic framework possessing a band gap of
2.18 eV and a very high surface area of ∼1400 m2 g–1 was embedded into poly(acrylonitrile) nanofibers
for oil/water separation and degradation of dye contaminants. The
synthesized nanofibers were schemed to mimic two different morphologies
(spider silk and desert beetle morphology) via electrospinning
for rendering both hydrophilic and hydrophobic pockets. Excellent
flux was achieved and the good antifouling ability of these iron-based
metal–organic framework nanofiber membranes, together with
the advantage of Fe–O clusters that help in the removal of
oil (by adsorption) and dyes beyond 90% via photo-Fenton-like
reaction, is successfully demonstrated, scientifically reasoned, and
justified with the help of characterization techniques, thus showing
the promises of using these membranes for real-time applications.