Desenvolvimento, produção e qualidade dos frutos de pessegueiros enxertados sobre diferentes porta-enxertos

Abstract

ResumoO trabalho objetivou avaliar o vigor, a época de floração, a produção e a qualidade de pêssegos das cultivares Maciel e Chimarrita sobre os porta-enxertos Aldrighi, Capdeboscq, Flordaguard, Nemaguard, Okinawa e Umezeiro. O experimento foi conduzido a campo na Embrapa Uva e Vinho, em Bento Gonçalves/RS. As variáveis vegetativas e produtivas foram analisadas a campo e as análises físico-químicas dos frutos foram realizadas na Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel (Universidade Federal de Pelotas -Pelotas/RS), nas safras de 2008 e 2009. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que 'Maciel' e 'Chimarrita', quando enxertadas sobre 'Umezeiro', apresentam menor vigor e sintomas de incompatibilidade. A floração dos pessegueiros 'Maciel'e 'Chimarrita' é influenciada pelos portaenxertos, podendo o início e a plena floração retardar ou antecipar em até onze dias. A produção e a produtividade acumuladas estimadas por hectare de 'Maciel' são maiores quando enxertadas sobre 'Flordaguard' e menores sobre 'Umezeiro'. Palavras-chave: Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, comportamento vegeto-produtivo, sólidos solúveis, incompatibilidade, pêssego AbstractThe objective of this work was to evaluate the vigour, flowering time, production and fruit quality of peaches from the cultivars 'Maciel' and 'Chimarrita' grafted on rootstocks 'Aldrighi', 'Capdeboscq', 'Flordaguard', 'Nemaguard', 'Okinawa' and 'Umezeiro'. The experiment was conducted at the Embrapa Uva e Vinho, in Bento Gonçalves/RS. Vegetative and productive variables were analyzed in the field, and the physical-chemical analysis of the fruits were held at the Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel (Universidade Federal de Pelotas -UFPel, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), during the 2008 and 2009 seasons. According to the results, it was concluded that the Maciel and Chimarrita cultivars grafted on 'Umezeiro' are less vigorous, and showed symptoms of incompatibility. The flowering of the peach trees from cultivars Maciel and Chimarrita is influenced by the rootstocks, which may delay

Productive and vegetative performance of peach trees grafted on six rootstocks in a replanting area

“…These changes were shown by the higher contents of SS and of the SS/TA ratio in the fruits of 'Chimarrita' on 'Umezeiro', and by the higher pulp firmness, in the average of scions, induced by 'Umezeiro'. Comiotto et al (2013), while evaluating the same scions and rootstocks of the present study, did not observe any differences between rootstocks for SS, but found that 'Umezeiro' induced a lower SS/TA ratio than the other rootstocks. However, Orazem et al (2011) did report alterations in the maturation point due to rootstock effect.…”

“…In 'Maciel' and 'Chimarrita', in most conditions assessed by Galarça et al (2013), 'Umezeiro' induced a lower pruning mass. However, Comiotto et al (2013), using the same combinations of scion/rootstock, did not observe any differences among rootstocks. At the end of present study, the rootstocks showed similar vegetative growth.…”

“…The lowest survival rate was observed in scions grafted on 'Umezeiro', which exhibited incompatibility symptoms, with breakage of the trunk in the graft zone (Table 2). Graft incompatibility symptoms were also detected by Comiotto et al (2013) for the same scions grafted on 'Umezeiro'. However, plant death was not observed in any of the scions on the 'Aldrighi' and 'Capdeboscq' peach trees.…”

“…When evaluating the same scions and rootstocks as those of the present study, other authors obtained different trunk diameters. Comiotto et al (2013) found that 'Umezeiro' induced lower trunk diameter than 'Flordaguard' in 'Chimarrita', as well as lower trunk diameter than 'Okinawa' in 'Maciel'. Galarça et al (2013), using the same combinations but in different locations, stated that 'Umezeiro' showed lower trunk diameter than 'Flordaguard', 'Aldrighi', 'Capdeboscq', 'Okinawa', and 'Nemaguard'.…”

Growth, yield and fruit quality of Chimarrita peach trees grafted on different rootstocks

“…Both Aldrighi and Capdeboscq are the most commonly used rootstocks in the south of Brazil since it is easy to get their stones from industries to grow seedlings (Rocha et al, 2007). However, other rootstocks such as Flordaguard, Nemaguard, Okinawa, Umezeiro, Tsukuba and Seleção Viamão have been used as alternatives in terms of fruit adaptation, productivity and quality (Comiotto et al, 2012(Comiotto et al, , 2013Galarça et al, 2013).…”