Desenvolvimento moral: a generosidade relacionada à justiça e à gratidão sob a ótica das crianças

Vale, Liana Gama do

doi:10.11606/t.47.2012.tde-25072012-100222

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Exemplo disso foi o trabalho de Gleason e Weintraub (1976), no qual se observou que apenas 21% das crianças com menos de 6 anos agradeceram a um adulto que lhes deu balas no dia de Halloween e mais de 80% das crianças acima de 10 anos agradeceram nessa mesma situação. Em um estudo sobre o juízo de crianças de 6, 9 e 12 anos referente à reação que o beneficiário deve ter frente a um ato generoso, Vale (2012) constatou, pelo contrário, que o emprego da fórmula verbal de agradecimento predominou entre as crianças de 6 anos (75% dos participantes) e diminuiu consideravelmente com o aumento da idade (30% das respostas das crianças de 9 anos e 35% daquelas de 12 anos).…”

Section: Desenvolvimento Da Gratidão Em Crianças E Adolescentesunclassified

“…Uma segunda hipótese, baseada em resultados de estudos anteriores (Baumgarten-Tramer, 1938;Freitas et al, 2011;Tudge et al, 2011) é a de que, com o aumento de idade, haveria uma diminuição na frequência de gratidão concreta e um aumento de gratidão conectiva. A relação entre gratidão verbal e idade é ainda uma questão de pesquisa em aberto, visto que alguns estudos sugerem que há um aumento de frequência com a idade (Gleason & Weintraub, 1976) e outros não Tudge et al, 2011;Vale, 2012). No texto de Baumgarten-Tramer (1938), há certa ambiguidade quanto ao resultado encontrado em sua amostra: pode-se ler que, em cada idade, a gratidão verbal esteve presente entre 30% e 40% das respostas e em 72%, no caso dos adolescentes de 15 anos.…”

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Relações entre Desenvolvimento da Gratidão e Tipos de Valores em Jovens

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ResumoInvestigam-se relações entre o desenvolvimento da gratidão e tipos de valores. Trezentos e noventa e seis jovens de 7 a 14 anos responderam a Wishes and Gratitude Survey. Previu-se que, com o aumento da idade, haveria (a) uma diminuição de valores hedonistas; (b) uma diminuição de gratidão concreta e um aumento de gratidão conectiva. A terceira hipótese foi a de que seria mais provável que jovens com valores hedonistas expressassem gratidão concreta e aqueles com valores relacionados ao bem-estar de outros (BEO) expressassem gratidão conectiva. Para testar essas hipóteses, utilizou-se análise de regressão (estimativa de curva e regressão logística). Com o aumento da idade, os valores hedonistas e a gratidão concreta diminuíram; não se verificou aumento de gratidão conectiva. Valores hedonistas relacionaram-se positivamente à gratidão concreta. Todavia, valores BEO não se associaram à gratidão conectiva. Palavras-chave: gratidão, valores, desenvolvimento moral, crianças, adolescentes The Relations between the Development of Gratitude and Types of Values in Youth AbstractWe studied the relations between the development of gratitude and types of values. A total of 396 7-to 14-year-old youth group responded to the Wishes and Gratitude Survey. We expected that, with the increase in age, there would be (a) a decrease of hedonistic values and (b) a decrease of concrete gratitude and an increase in connective gratitude. Our third hypothesis was that it would be more likely for the young with hedonistic values express concrete gratitude and those with values related to the well-being of others (WBO) to express connective gratitude. To test these hypotheses we used regression analysis (curve estimation and logistic regression). With an increase in age, hedonistic values and concrete gratitude declined; there was no increase in connective gratitude. Hedonistic values were related positively to concrete gratitude. However WBO values were not related to connective gratitude. Keywords: gratitude, values, moral development, children, adolescents Relaciones entre el Desarrollo de Gratitud y Tipos de Valores en JóvenesResumen Se investigan las relaciones entre el desarrollo de gratitud y tipos de valores. Respondieron a la encuesta Wishes and Gratitude Survey 396 jóvenes de edades entre 7 y 14 años. Fue previsto que con el aumento de edad habría, (a) disminución de los valores hedonistas; (b) disminución de gratitud concreta y aumento de gratitud conectiva. La tercera hipótesis fue que sería más probable que jóvenes con valores hedonistas expresaran gratitud concreta y aquellos con valores relacionados al bienestar de otros (BEO) expresaran gratitud conectiva. Para testar estas hipótesis, se utilizó el análisis de regresión (estimación de curva y regresión logística). Con el aumento de edad, los valores hedonistas y la gratitud concreta disminuyen; no se verificó aumento de gratitud conectiva. Valores hedonistas se relacionaron positivamente con gratitud concreta. Aún los valores BEO no se asociaron a gratitud conectiva.

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Section: Desenvolvimento Da Gratidão Em Crianças E Adolescentesunclassified

Section: O Presente Estudounclassified

Relações entre Desenvolvimento da Gratidão e Tipos de Valores em Jovens

et al. 2016

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“…As Kristjánsson (2013) pointed out: “Truly virtuous persons do not only perform the right actions, but they perform them for the right reasons and from the right motives” (p. 202). Not surprisingly, gratitude is not innate but develops with age (Baumgarten-Tramer, 1938; Do Vale, 2012; Freitas, Pieta, & Tudge, 2011; Nelson et al, 2013; Tudge, Freitas, & O’Brien, 2015). Becoming virtuous takes time and is developed through education, habituation, and life experiences (Annas, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Development of the Virtue of Gratitude: Theoretical Foundations and Cross-Cultural Issues

Merçon-Vargas

Poelker

Tudge

2017

Cross-Cultural Research

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The expression of gratitude by children and young adolescents in different societies is the topic of this special issue. We introduce the concept of gratitude as a virtue, explaining its differences from gratitude viewed as a positive emotion. Although most research on gratitude uses samples from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) societies (primarily from the United States), we discuss the importance of studying the development of gratitude across different cultural groups. Despite the evidence to suggest that the expression of gratitude is viewed as desirable across multiple societies and historical periods, there is no reason to assume that developmental pathways found in one or other WEIRD society would be found in non-WEIRD societies or that the latter would have similar pathways. Children's gratitude expression across countries is explored in this special issue using Baumgarten-Tramer's (1938) paradigm as well as Kağıtçıbaşı's (2007) framework to address both differences and similarities across cultures.

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“…Unfortunately, we did not assess relatedness directly, so we could only speculate on the association between connective gratitude and relatedness. However, it is possible that, overall, the development of social-cognitive abilities allows older children and adolescents in all groups to think from others' perspective (e.g., Baumgarten-Tramer 1938;Do Vale 2012;Freitas et al 2011;Nelson et al 2013;Tudge et al 2015b). Also, the fact that we did not find any significant differences in gratitude expression between European Americans and the other ethnic groups, as we had expected, should be better explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Gratitude, considered as a virtue, comprises an unforced desire to reciprocate, in an appropriate manner, if and when an appropriate situation calls for it (McConnell 1993;Roberts 2016;Tudge et al 2015b). Gratitude, thus, depends on the development of cognitive abilities, moral understandings, and on socially learned expectations about how to respond in situations in which gratitude is due (Baumgarten-Tramer 1938;Do Vale 2012;Freitas et al 2011;Nelson et al 2013;Tudge et al 2015b). Prestes et al (2014), using a Piagetian framework, suggested that it is through interactions with adults, and later with peers, that children learn the normative values present in their sociocultural group that regulate their relationship with others; these interactions contribute to the development of moral values.…”

Section: The Development Of Gratitudementioning

confidence: 99%

Children’s and Adolescents’ Gratitude Expression and its Association with their Greatest Wishes across Ethnic Groups in the United States

Merçon-Vargas

Tudge

2019

Curr Psychol

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Gratitude, as a moral virtue, emphasizes reciprocity and interpersonal relations; its development involves cognitive abilities, moral understandings, and socially learned expectations. This paper aimed to explore ethnic variation in the expression of gratitude among 595 children and adolescents aged 7 to 14 (mean age = 9.71, SD = 2.17) in the United States (European Americans, Brazilians, Hispanics, and African Americans) and the association between gratitude and participants' wishes and age. Results indicated that Brazilians and Hispanics were more likely to use verbal (e.g., "thank you") than concrete gratitude (reciprocation without considering the benefactor's needs) than were African Americans.

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Desenvolvimento moral: a generosidade relacionada à justiça e à gratidão sob a ótica das crianças

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Relações entre Desenvolvimento da Gratidão e Tipos de Valores em Jovens

Relações entre Desenvolvimento da Gratidão e Tipos de Valores em Jovens

The Development of the Virtue of Gratitude: Theoretical Foundations and Cross-Cultural Issues

Children’s and Adolescents’ Gratitude Expression and its Association with their Greatest Wishes across Ethnic Groups in the United States

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