Desempenho agronômico de feijão‑caupi e milho semeados em faixas na safrinha

Abstract

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico de cultivares de feijão-caupi e de milho, em monocultivo e em cultivo consorciado em faixas, na safrinha. Foram realizados experimentos, em Dourados, MS (2009 e 2010, e em Botucatu, SP (2010). Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições. As parcelas com feijão-caupi foram constituídas por três sistemas de cultivo (em faixas com variedade ou híbrido de milho, além do cultivo solteiro) e as subparcelas, por três cultivares de feijão-caupi (BRS Guariba, BRS Novaera e BRS Xiquexique). As parcelas com milho foram constituídas por duas cultivares de milho (variedade BR 473 e híbrido BRS 1030 ou BRS 1010), e as subparcelas, por quatro sistemas de cultivo (em faixas com as três cultivares de feijão-caupi e solteiro). O sistema de consórcio em faixas consistiu de quatro fileiras de feijão-caupi com quatro fileiras de milho. O consórcio proporcionou um uso mais eficiente da terra. As cultivares de feijão-caupi apresentaram desempenho produtivo semelhante entre si, quando cultivadas em faixas com o milho. O híbrido de milho é mais produtivo que a variedade, tanto no cultivo solteiro quanto no consorciado.Termos para indexação: Vigna unguiculata, Zea mays, componentes de produção, cultivo intercalar, índice de equivalência de área, sistema de cultivo. Agronomic performance of cowpea and corn sown in strip-intercropping in the off-seasonAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of cowpea and corn cultivars in single cropping and in strip-intercropping in the off-season. The experiments were carried out in Dourados, MS (2009 and2010), and Botucatu, SP (2010), Brazil. A randomized complete block design was used, in a split-plot arrangement with four replicates. The plots with cowpea consisted of three cropping systems (intercropped with corn variety or corn hybrid, and single cropped), and the subplots of three cowpea cultivars (BRS Guariba, BRS Novaera, and BRS Xiquexique). The plots with corn consisted of two corn cultivars (variety BR 473 and hybrid BRS 1030 or BRS 1010), and the subplots of four cropping systems (intercropped with the three cowpea cultivars and single cropped). The strip-intercropping system consisted of four rows of cowpea and four rows of corn. The intercropping led to a more efficient use of the land. Yield performance between cowpea cultivars did not differ when they were strip-intercropped with corn cultivars. The corn hybrid was more productive than the variety, both in single cropping and in intercropping.

Cowpea Cultivars Produced With Different Phosphorus Levels / Desempenho De Cultivares De Feijão-Caupi Em Função De Doses De Fósforo

“…Although the significant effect found for the variable number of grains per pod (Figure 6) does not seem to be so marked, the increase of 1.2 grains per pod, obtained with the highest dose in this study, represents an increase of 9.5%, when compared to plants without the addition of P. Considering that the number of pods per plant and number of grains per pod are the factors that most influence productivity, the increase achieved with the application of P doses should be carefully evaluated. Working with different cowpea cultivars, Matoso et al (2013), found a greater number of grains per pod for the same cultivars in this study, however, the authors attributed this yield to genetic heritability, reporting little influence from their treatments.…”

Agronomic optimal plant density for semiupright cowpea as a second crop in southeastern Brazil

“…The second, or fall-winter, crop in the central-west and southeast regions of Brazil is characterized by a sowing time between January and March, with a predominance of corn (Zea mays L.), as a consequence of the few economically viable alternatives for that period (Matoso et al, 2018;Shioga, Oliveira, & Gerage, 2004). However, the fall-winter crop options have been more susceptible to yield losses mainly resulting from water stress in later sowing, potentially causing yield reductions ranging from 80 to 100% in some years (Matoso, Soratto, Ceccon, Figueiredo, & Neto-Neto, 2013, Matoso et al, 2018Pegorare, Fedatto, Pereira, Souza, & Fietz, 2009). Therefore, because of its relative tolerance to water deficiency, short cycle, adaptation to less fertile soils, and low production costs, in addition to the increased demand for this legume by the domestic and foreign markets, cowpea has been emerging as an interesting option for farmers as a second crop (Matoso et al, 2013(Matoso et al, , 2018Olajide & Ilori, 2016;Oliveira, Andrade-Júnior, Ribeiro, Brito, & Carvalho, 2015;Timko & Singh, 2008).…”

Grain Yield and Microbiological Quality of Cowpea Plants Grown Under Residual Effect of Sewage Sludge Fertilization1

“…Several studies present lower grain yields to those found in Janaúba. This is found for the cultivars BRS-Xiquexique (MATOSO et al, 2013), BRS-Cauame (SANTOS et al, 2016), BRS-Marataoa (SILVA; NEVES, 2011), and BRS-Pajeu (LOCATELLI et al, 2014).…”