Description of Egg and Larval Stages of Aphidius nigripes1, 2

Pare, F.; Cloutier, Conrad; Huot, L.; McNeil, Jeremy N.

doi:10.1093/aesa/72.5.620

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Parasitised aphids were then reared at 20 ± 1 °C and 75 ± 10% r.h., under a L16:D8 photoperiod. Based on the embryonic and larval developmental times of A. nigripes at 20 °C (Paré et al., 1979), third instar larvae in living aphids and prepupae in mummified aphids were obtained 5 and 8 days following parasitisation, respectively. In the text, these hosts are referred to as parasitised aphids and mummies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foraging behaviour at the fourth trophic level: a comparative study of host location in aphid hyperparasitoids

Buitenhuis

Vet

Boivin

et al. 2005

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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In studies of foraging behaviour in a multitrophic context, the fourth trophic level has generally been ignored. We used four aphid hyperparasitoid species: Dendrocerus carpenteri (Curtis) (Hymenoptera: Megaspilidae), Asaphes suspensus Walker (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Alloxysta victrix (Westwood) (Hymenoptera: Alloxystidae) and Syrphophagus aphidivorus (Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), to correlate their response to different cues with their ecological attributes such as host range and host stage. In addition, we compared our results with studies of primary parasitoids on the same plant–herbivore system. First, the olfactory response of females was tested in a Y‐tube olfactometer (single choice: plant, aphid, honeydew, parasitised aphid, aphid mummy, or virgin female parasitoid; dual choice: clean plant, plant with aphids, or plant–host complex). Second, their foraging behaviour was described on plants with different stimuli (honeydew, aphids, parasitised aphids, and aphid mummies). The results indicated that olfactory cues are probably not essential cues for hyperparasitoid females. In foraging behaviour on the plant, all species prolonged their total visit time and search time as compared to the control treatment (clean plant). Only A. victrix did not react to the honeydew. Oviposition in mummies prolonged the total visit time because of the long handling time, but the effect of this behaviour on search time could not be determined. No clear correlation between foraging behaviour and host stage or host range was found. In contrast to specialised primary aphid parasitoids that have strong fixed responses to specific kairomones and herbivore‐induced synomones, more generalist aphid hyperparasitoids seem to depend less on volatile olfactory stimuli, but show similarities with primary parasitoids in their use of contact cues while searching on a plant.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foraging behaviour at the fourth trophic level: a comparative study of host location in aphid hyperparasitoids

Buitenhuis

Vet

Boivin

et al. 2005

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Each silk thread is made of fibroin with an external layer of sericin (Allegret & Denis, 1963). Silk threads are secreted by the silk-press located on the labium (Vander Hoek, 1971;Couchman & King, 1977;Pare et al, 1979). Our observations show the existence of two types of silk threads in the cocoon of A. rhopalosiphi, structured threads with a round diameter, and flat threads which form a kind of gum coating.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

A morphometric comparison of aphid mummies containing diapausing vs. non-diapausing larvae of Aphidius rhopalosiphi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae)

Krespi

Dedryver²,

Rabasse³

et al. 1994

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The morphology and ultrastructure of aphid mummies formed by diapausing and non-diapausing larvae of Aphidius rhopalosiphi De Stefani Perez, are described. Two types of silk thread were present in both types of cocoons: well-structured rounded threads, and flat threads which form a gum coating. Differences in the cocoon weight were observed depending on parasitoid development. A morphometric characterization of the two groups of mummies is given.

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“…Parasitised aphids were then reared at 20 ± 1 °C, 75 ± 10% RH, under a LD 16:8 h photoperiod. Based on embryonic and larval developmental times of A. nigripes at 20 °C (Paré et al ., 1979), third instars in living aphids and pupae in mummified aphids were obtained 5 and 8 days following parasitisation respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preference and performance of the hyperparasitoid Syrphophagus aphidivorus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): fitness consequences of selecting hosts in live aphids or aphid mummies

Buitenhuis

Boivin

Vet

et al. 2004

Ecological Entomology

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1. Theoretical models predict that ovipositional decisions of parasitoid females should lead to the selection of the most profitable host for parasitoid development. Most parasitoid species have evolved specific adaptations to exploit a single host stage. However, females of the aphid hyperparasitoid Syrphophagous aphidivorus (Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) display a unique and atypical oviposition behaviour by attacking either primary parasitoid larvae in live aphids, or parasitoid pupae in dead, mummified aphids.2. In the laboratory, the correlation between host suitability and host preference of S. aphidivorus on the host Aphidius nigripes Ashmead parasitising the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) was investigated.3. The relative suitability of the two host stages was determined by measuring hyperparasitoid fitness parameters (survival, development time, fecundity, sex ratio, and adult size of progeny), and calculating the intrinsic rate of population increase (r m ). Host preference by S. aphidivorus females and the influence of aphid defence behaviour on host selection was also examined.4. Hyperparasitoid offspring performance was highest when developing from hosts in aphid mummies and females consistently preferred this host to hosts in parasitised aphids. Although aphid defensive behaviour may influence host selection, it was not a determining factor. Ecological and evolutionary processes that might have led to dual oviposition behaviour in S. aphidivorus are discussed.

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Description of Egg and Larval Stages of Aphidius nigripes1, 2

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Foraging behaviour at the fourth trophic level: a comparative study of host location in aphid hyperparasitoids

Foraging behaviour at the fourth trophic level: a comparative study of host location in aphid hyperparasitoids

A morphometric comparison of aphid mummies containing diapausing vs. non-diapausing larvae of Aphidius rhopalosiphi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae)

Preference and performance of the hyperparasitoid Syrphophagus aphidivorus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): fitness consequences of selecting hosts in live aphids or aphid mummies

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