A morphometric comparison of aphid mummies containing diapausing vs. non-diapausing larvae of <i>Aphidius rhopalosiphi</i> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae)

Krespi, Liliane; Dedryver, C. A.; Rabasse, J. M.; Nénon, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.1017/s0007485300032211

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These aphids (Sitobion avenae Fabricius, Rhopalosiphum padi L., and Metopolophium dirhodum Walker) are present during the winter in Brittany, resulting in increased crop damage at the onset of spring (Le Ralec et al, 2010). Parasitoids are present throughout the year in Brittany with a succes-sion of species between seasons (Krespi et al, 1994). In this study, Aphidius parasitoids were included in analyses, while secondary parasitoids were excluded due to their rarity in the fields early in the season.…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing thermal tolerance across contrasting landscapes: first steps towards understanding how landscape management could modify ectotherm thermal tolerance

Tougeron

Baaren

Burel

et al. 2016

Insect Conserv Diversity

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International audience1.Insects are highly dependent on ambient temperatures to ensure their biological functions. Their persistence in the environment and their resistance to unfavorable temperatures are governed by their physiological thermal tolerance.2.Global change extends beyond climatic conditions to encompass modifications to the landscape. However, studies of climate change and landscape composition effects on ecosystem services, such as biological control, are commonly performed independently. Moreover, coarse scales are not always relevant when assessing climate change’s impacts on ectotherms. We aimed to better understand the ecological relationships that may exist between microclimatic variation and insect thermal tolerance across a landscape composition gradient. 3.To determine how landscape composition may impact insect thermal tolerance, parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of aphids were sampled along a landscape gradient from “closed” to “open” habitats. Sampling was performed during the winter 2013/14 and spring 2014 in cereal fields of Brittany, France. Meteorological data were recorded along this gradient. 4.First, our results show an influence of landscape composition on local microclimate. Additionally, parasitoids from open landscapes had a higher tolerance to low temperatures, leading to higher physiological costs, compared to parasitoids from closed landscapes. This trend was stronger in winter than in spring. 5.These results have numerous implications in the context of climate change, suggesting that targeted landscape management practices could create sheltered microclimatic areas that reduce the physiological costs of thermal tolerance, and promote the persistence of biological control agents

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Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing thermal tolerance across contrasting landscapes: first steps towards understanding how landscape management could modify ectotherm thermal tolerance

Tougeron

Baaren

Burel

et al. 2016

Insect Conserv Diversity

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“…During their prepupal and pupal development, non-diapausing aphidiines remain within the mummified aphid for periods ranging from 4 to 8 days (Hagvar & Hofsvang, 1991). The mummy provides physical protection against adverse weather conditions, desiccation, pesticides, and natural enemies (Stary, 1970;Brodeur & McNeil, 1989;Krespi et al, 1994;Couture, 1997;Chow & Mackauer, 1999;Longley, 1999). This protection is, however, imperfect as the mummy can easily be torn by the mandibles of invertebrate predators and pierced by the stylets of predatory bugs or the ovipositors of hyperparasitoids.…”

Section: Parasitoid-predator Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraguild interactions in aphid parasitoids

Brodeur¹,

Rosenheim

2000

Entomologia Exp Applicata

205

130

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We reviewed the literature on aphid parasitoids to determine the occurrence, nature and outcome of intraguild interactions. Intraguild interactions were described for larval, pupal and adult aphid parasitoids and by the type of natural enemy (fungus, predator, or parasitoid). They appear to be prevalent in most aphid parasitoid systems and, except for parasitoid-parasitoid interactions, they are mostly asymmetric, with aphidophagous predators and pathogens killing parasitoids. The limited experimental evidence from field studies is insufficient to provide a comprehensive pattern of the consequences of intraguild interactions for aphid parasitoid populations in general and, more specifically, for the efficacy of biological control. However, because intraguild interactions are widespread in aphid-natural enemy communities and mostly detrimental to aphid parasitoids, we conclude that intraguild interactions have a primary effect in driving fluctuations in aphid parasitoid populations. Drawing on case studies, we further argue that intraguild interactions can substantially alter the effectiveness of aphid parasitoids as biological-control agents.

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“…Mummy colour can be used to distinguish diapausing from nondiapausing mummies in Aphidiinae (Brodeur & McNeil, 1989a; Krespi et al , 1994; Polgár et al , 1995); however, no developmental data are available to provide support for this statement. The use of mummy colour is reported to be an unreliable marker for identifying diapause in Aphidiinae (Legrand et al , 2004a, b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under natural cold conditions, most Aphidiine arrest their development and overwinter in quiescence or diapause inside the cuticle of a dead host (termed a mummy) (Hance et al , 2007). Some studies use mummy colour to distinguish nondiapausing mummies from diapausing ones, with the latter tending to be darker (Brodeur & McNeil, 1989a; Krespi et al , 1994; Polgár et al , 1995). Unfortunately, none of these studies provide developmental data clearly associating the dark phenotype with a development arrest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold-induced expression of diapause in Praon volucre: fitness cost and morpho-physiological characterization

Colinet

Muratori

Hance

2010

Physiological Entomology

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Cold exposure (2 • C for 7 days) in constant darkness at mummy stage induces diapause expression in 9% of the Praon volucre Haliday population. Diapausing parasitoids show a significant delay in emergence time compared with nondiapausing counterparts. A diapause-mediated polyphenism is observed in mummy colour, with diapausing mummies being clearly darker than nondiapausing ones. The diapause status of dark mummies is confirmed by a significant reduction in metabolic rate. Diapausing parasitoids also display specific morphological characteristics: they are heavier (fresh and dry mass) and accumulate larger fat reserves than nondiapausing counterparts. The diapause status is associated with a fitness cost in terms of adult longevity. There is no evidence of diapause-related change in supercooling ability.

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A morphometric comparison of aphid mummies containing diapausing vs. non-diapausing larvae of Aphidius rhopalosiphi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae)

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Comparing thermal tolerance across contrasting landscapes: first steps towards understanding how landscape management could modify ectotherm thermal tolerance

Comparing thermal tolerance across contrasting landscapes: first steps towards understanding how landscape management could modify ectotherm thermal tolerance

Intraguild interactions in aphid parasitoids

Cold-induced expression of diapause in Praon volucre: fitness cost and morpho-physiological characterization

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