“…After larger collections made between 1997 and 1999, Costa (2002) provided the first taxonomical revision of Cynopoecilus , recognising five species: C.
melanotaenia (Regan 1912), the type species of the genus, and C.
fulgens
Costa 2002, C.
intimus
Costa 2002, C.
multipapillatus
Costa 2002, and C.
nigrovittatus
Costa 2002; but a unpublished taxonomic revision of the genus by the first author indicates that C.
multipapillatus is a synonym of C.
fulgens . These species form a morphologically homogeneous group, herein called the Cynopoecilus
melanotaenia complex, with all included species highly differing from another congener recently described by Ferrer et al (2014), C.
notabilis
Ferrer et al 2014. Among several diagnostic characters, species of that complex have the dorsal-fin origin in a vertical just anterior to anal-fin origin in males ( vs. anterior to pelvic-fin insertion in C.
notabilis ), caudal fin rounded to sub-truncate in males ( vs. lanceolate), unpaired fins hyaline in males, with pale spots or spots absent ( vs. yellow with dark red spots), absence of a dark red stripe on the basal portion of the anal fin in males ( vs. present), and flank in females without bars ( vs. with bars).…”