Description of a New Species of <i>Cybaeus</i> (Araneae: Cybaeidae) from Central Honshu, Japan

Abstract

A new spider species, Cybaeus daimonji, from Kyoto, western-central Honshu, Japan is described based on both sexes. The shape of epigyne indicates that this new species is close to C. communis Yaginuma, 1972, C. kirigaminensis Komatsu, 1963, C. maculosus Yaginuma, 1972 and C. shinkaii (Komatsu, 1970, which are distributed in eastern to central Honshu. Nuclear internal transcribed spacer 1, 28S ribosomal RNA and histone H3 as well as mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 12S ribosomal RNA and 16S ribosomal RNA sequences of the new species are provided for future phylogenetic studies.

Integrative taxonomy reveals multiple lineages of the spider genus Cybaeus endemic to the Ryukyu Islands, Japan (Arachnida : Araneae : Cybaeidae)

“…Epigynes were dissected from various female specimens and cleared with proteinase K (100 μg/mL) (see Matsuda et al 2020), or with hot 10% KOH + 3% H2O2 (see Komatsu and Yaginuma 1968) to observe the internal structure. When more than one female could be examined per species, several specimens were dissected.…”

A new species of Cybaeus L. Koch, 1868 (Araneae, Cybaeidae) with simple genitalia from central Japan is the sister species of C. melanoparvus Kobayashi, 2006 with elongated genitalia

“…6 mm and ca. 2.5 mm, respectively (Kobayashi 2006;Matsuda et al 2020). Additionally, males of C. koikei sp.…”

“…Specimens were preserved in 70% ethanol but legs of some specimens were removed and preserved in 99% ethanol for DNA extraction. Epigynes were dissected from female specimens and then cleared to observe their internal structure following the method described by Matsuda et al (2020). Examination of the specimens was conducted using a stereoscopic microscope (M125C, Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany).…”

“…Three nuclear and three mitochondrial markers for phylogenetic analyses were selected following previous studies (Matsuda et al 2020;Ihara et al 2021): (1) 28S rRNA, (2) internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1), (3) histone H3, (4) cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), (5) 12S rRNA, and (6) 16S rRNA. However, 12S and 16S sequences could not be obtained from C. koikei sp.…”

“…nov. and C. melanoparvus. Methods for genomic DNA extraction and cycle sequencing (CS) reactions were as described by Matsuda et al (2020); primer sets and conditions for the polymerase chain reactions (PCR) and CS reactions used in this study are also listed in Suppl. material 1: Table S1.…”