A new species of Cybaeus L. Koch, 1868 (Araneae, Cybaeidae) with simple genitalia from central Japan is the sister species of C. melanoparvus Kobayashi, 2006 with elongated genitalia

Abstract

Spiders of the genus Cybaeus L. Koch, 1868 exhibit two major centers of diversity: Western North America and Japan. Several Japanese Cybaeus possess an elongated embolus in the male palp and elongated tubular spermathecae in the female genitalia. Here we describe Cybaeus koikeisp. nov. from central Honshu, Japan, which has an unelongated embolus and bulbous spermathecae. Phylogenetic analyses using nuclear and mitochondrial gene markers clearly support the monophyly of C. koikeisp. nov. and Cybaeus melanoparvus Kobayashi, 2006, a species with elongated genitalia. Both species share a similar habitus and a cluster of robust setae on the lateral surface of the male palpal patella. The latter is considered a synapomorphy for C. koikeisp. nov. and C. melanoparvus. A supplementary description of the spermathecae of C. melanoparvus is also provided.

Taxonomic Reassessment of <i>Cybaeus communis</i> and <i>Cybaeus maculosus</i> (Araneae: Cybaeidae) from Central Honshu, Japan

“…Phylogenetic relationships among the Cybaeus spiders were inferred on the basis of the dataset comprising COI and ITS-1 sequences. The dataset of Japanese Cybaeus species in Sugawara et al (2021a) was included in the analyses along with C. nipponicus (Uyemura, 1938), C. kirigaminensis Komatsu, 1963, andC. shinkaii (Komatsu, 1970) collected from, or near, their type localities (Table 1).…”

The Original Spelling of the Specific Name of <i>Cybaeus</i> <i>monticolus</i> (Araneae: Cybaeidae) Should be Reinstated

“…The altered spelling "monticola" thus fails to meet any of the criteria of Article 33.2.1 to be recognized as an emendation, and is, therefore, an incorrect subsequent spelling with no separate availability (Article 33.3). This altered spelling was, however, adopted by the primary online database of spider taxonomy (World Spider Catalog 2021; hereinafter WSC), and subsequently also by Ono and Ogata (2018) and Sugawara et al (2021). Under all applicable provisions of the Code, the original spelling of the specific name in C. monticolus is deemed correct and should be reinstated in use by arachnologists; the entry in the WSC should be amended accordingly.…”