Description of a new species of Enderleinellus collected from the South Formosan squirrel naturalized into Japan

Callosciurus squirrels: worldwide introductions, ecological impacts and recommendations to prevent the establishment of new invasive populations

“…C. erythraeus introduced into Japan carried six macro‐parasite species: a hard tick, Haemaphysalis flava ; two sucking lice, Enderleinellus kumadai and Neohaematopinus callosciuri ; a flea, Ceratophyllus ( Monopsyllus ) anisus ; and three nematodes, Brevistriata callosciuri , Strongyloides callosciureus and Gongylonema neoplasticum (Kaneko , Shinozaki et al. ,b, Asakawa , Sato et al.…”

“…C. erythraeus introduced into Japan carried six macroparasite species: a hard tick, Haemaphysalis flava; two sucking lice, Enderleinellus kumadai and Neohaematopinus callosciuri; a flea, Ceratophyllus (Monopsyllus) anisus; and three nematodes, Brevistriata callosciuri, Strongyloides callosciureus and Gongylonema neoplasticum (Kaneko 1954, Shinozaki et al 2004a,b, Asakawa 2005, Sato et al 2007). C. anisus and H. flava are fairly common on other hosts in Japan (Shinozaki et al 2004a); thus, they may be considered native to this country, while the other species were probably introduced with Callosciurus squirrels.…”

Spillover and spillback risks of ectoparasites by an invasive squirrel Callosciurus erythraeus in Kanto region of Japan

“…For the species identification, parasite specimens were tentatively placed in 30% glycerol, sealed with nail polish under a cover glass, and observed using a light microscope (BX51, Olympus). Identification for each taxon followed previous descriptions (Acari: Kumada, 1965 ; Ehara, 1980 ; Yamaguti, 1981 ; Takada and Takahashi, 2019 , Anoplura: Kim and Ludwig, 1978 ; Johnson, 1959 ; Kaneko, 1954 , Siphonaptera: Sakaguti, 1962 ). Morphological identification of tick specimens was furthermore affirmed with the DNA barcode of the 16S rDNA region provided by Takano et al (2014) following their protocol.…”

“…of recovered – 1 12 12 Mean abundance (max) – 0.09 (1) 0.80 (3) 0.86 (4) Ceratophyllus indages indages Native Adult Prevalence (%) 0 0 6 (40.00) 5 (35.71) No. of recovered – – 16 15 Mean abundance (max) – – 1.07 (8) 1.07 (8) *This species is first described from an introduced specimen of the Pallas's squirrel in Japan ( Kaneko, 1954 ), but its presence has subsequently been confirmed from the squirrels inhabiting in the native habitats of Thailand ( Johnson, 1959 ). …”

“…In addition to other ecological and economic problems, both endo- and ecto-metazoan parasites have been reported from this invasive squirrel as are the cases in other countries ( Gozzi et al, 2021 ). The endoparasitic threadworm Strongyloides callosciureus and two ectoparasitic sucking lice Enderleinellus kumadai and Neohaematopinus callosciuri are exotic parasite species co-introduced along with the host in Japan ( Kaneko, 1954 ; Shinozaki et al, 2004a , b ; Sato et al, 2007 ; Miyabe et al, 2016 ; Eguchi et al, 2022 ). Among native species, three ectoparasites, a mouse flea Ceratophyllus anisus , a tick Haemaphysalis flava , and a poultry red mite Dermanyssus cf.…”