Dermatophytes in Skin, Nail and Hair among the Patients Attending Out Patient Department

Jha, Beena; Bhattarai, Shristi; Sapkota, Jyotshna; Sharma, Manisha; Bhatt, Chandra Prakash

doi:10.33314/jnhrc.v16i41.1651

Cited by 6 publications

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“…for Africa where a variety of dermatophytes exist in each microregion, with Microsporum audouinii and T. soudanense being the most common species [4,23,24].…”

Section: Tineamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology and Diagnostic Perspectives of Dermatophytoses

Petrucelli

Abreu

Cantelli

et al. 2020

JoF

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Dermatophytoses affect about 25% of the world population, and the filamentous fungus Trichophyton rubrum is the main causative agent of this group of diseases. Dermatomycoses are caused by pathogenic fungi that generally trigger superficial infections and that feed on keratinized substrates such as skin, hair, and nails. However, there are an increasing number of reports describing dermatophytes that invade deep layers such as the dermis and hypodermis and that can cause deep infections in diabetic and immunocompromised patients, as well as in individuals with immunodeficiency. Despite the high incidence and importance of dermatophytes in clinical mycology, the diagnosis of this type of infection is not always accurate. The conventional methods most commonly used for mycological diagnosis are based on the identification of microbiological and biochemical features. However, in view of the limitations of these conventional methods, molecular diagnostic techniques are increasingly being used because of their higher sensitivity, specificity and rapidity and have become more accessible. The most widely used molecular techniques are conventional PCR, quantitative PCR, multiplex PCR, nested, PCR, PCR-RFLP, and PCR-ELISA. Another promising technique for the identification of microorganisms is the analysis of protein profiles by MALDI-TOF MS. Molecular techniques are promising but it is necessary to improve the quality and availability of the information in genomic and proteomic databases in order to streamline the use of bioinformatics in the identification of dermatophytes of clinical interest.

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“…for Africa where a variety of dermatophytes exist in each microregion, with Microsporum audouinii and T. soudanense being the most common species [4,23,24].…”

Section: Tineamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the specificity of these species in each region, T . rubrum continues to be the main causative agent, except for Africa where a variety of dermatophytes exist in each microregion, with Microsporum audouinii and T. soudanense being the most common species [ 4 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Infections Caused By Dermatophytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Diagnostic Perspectives of Dermatophytoses

Petrucelli

Abreu

Cantelli

et al. 2020

JoF

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“…In our study, about six different types of Tinea were noted among which Tinea corporis was the commonest clinical presentation accounting for 66 (63.4%) of the total study subjects which was followed by Tinea cruris 19 (18.3%) which concurs with the study. 7,9,10 This finding can be credited to the tropical climatic condition of India. 11 However, predominant clinical manifestations of dermatophytosis vary considerably in different studies reported in literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Clinico mycological profile of Dermatophytosis in patients attending tertiary care hospital in Northern India

2022

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Background: Dermatophytoses refers to superficial fungal infection of keratinized tissue caused by keratinophilic dermatophytes. It is most common superficial cutaneous infection of stratum corneum affecting hair, nail, and skin. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study was to study the clinico-mycological profile of dermatophytic infection that are prevalent in this region. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected from 104 patients which included skin, nail, and hair samples after the detail history and examination of patients. The samples were subjected to direct microscopy and culture. Further identification was done by microscopic and macroscopic characteristics of fungal pathogens. Results: A total of 104 cases were positive for dermatophytic infection. Among the dermatophytic infections, Tinea corporis (63.4%) was most common clinical type followed by Tinea cruris (18.3%). Males (66.3%) were affected more than females (33.6%) and the age group most affected was 31-45 yrs (46.2%) followed by 16-30 yrs (32.7%) in the current study. Of all the dermatophyte isolates T.rubrum was the most common (77.4%) cause of infection, followed by T. mentagrophytes (12.7%). Conclusion: The present study reveals the varying trend in the incidence of dermatophyte species which is important to implement treatment regimens and to recommend control measures.

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“…In some other studies done in India they have also described T. mentagrophytes as a predominant dermatophyte. [12][13][14][15] In the study conducted by Sudip Das et al 16 of the total 53.4% of cases of dermatophytes in the culture, contamination was seen in approximately 52% of cases and Trichophyton was the predominant organism along with T. verrucosum, followed by T. rubrum, and T. mentagrophytes. All species of Trichophyton were most sensitive to itraconazole amongst systemic antifungals and luliconazole amongst topical antifungals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spectrum of dermatophytes in a tertiary care centre in Northern India

Kaur

Awal²,

Singh³

et al. 2021

IJMR

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Dermatophytes is major public health challenge in many parts of the world, mainly in developing countries due to poor housing facilities, high population per capita, and poor sanitary conditions. Early diagnosis and identification is must for preventing and early treatment of dermatophytosis. Also, some studies suggest that in prepubescent children there is an inadequate amount of fungi inhibiting fatty acids synthesized predisposing them to dermatophytic infections. Reduction in the synthesis of these fungistatic triglycerides in sebum premenopausal women is also seen predisposing them to infection by dermatophytes. However, low socioeconomic status along with illiteracy and overpopulation has been a main predisposing factor to dermatophytic infections in developing parts of the world. The incidence also been increased due to the rise in the number of immunocompromised patients and considerable use of broad-spectrum antibioticsEarly finding of infection is must for prevention and early management of dermatophytosis. Dermatophytes enter keratinized tissue via keratinases, which produce a dermal inflammatory response causing burning, itching and rednessTo determine prevalence of species of dermatophytes. This Study was conducted on 334 samples i.e. skin scrapings, nail clippings, and hair for fungal culture in the Mycology laboratory over a period of one year extending from December 2019 to December 2020. Specimens were cultured on modified Sabouraud's dextrose agar media containing antibiotics and incubated at 25°C and 37°C for a period of 4 weeks. Isolation and identification of various species of dermatophytes were done. A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients who came to our hospital in the department of dermatology or were referred to the department of microbiology over a period of one year extending from November 2019 to November 2020. Microbiological tests of suspected patients included potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount and fungal culture examination. Cases with culture-positive results were correlated with clinical diagnosis. In the study total of 334 samples (skin scrapings, nail clippings, and hair) were received for fungal culture in the microbiology laboratory during the study period. Samples obtained were cultured on modified Sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA) media containing antibiotics and incubated at 25°C and 37°C for a period of 4 weeks. Species identification was performed based on colony's morphology, finding of the teased mount by using lactophenol cotton blue stain (LCB) and slide culture, and also with urea hydrolysis test as seen.The Study was performed on 334 samples received from the department of dermatology for fungal culture. Fungal elements were seen in 31% of cases and were isolated in 30% of cases. In these culture-positive cases, dermatophytes were reported in 90% cases, Candida species in 4%, and another fungus was reported in 6% cases. Trichophyton species is most commonly isolated (27.6%). Microsporum and Epidermophyton species were isolated in 5.1% cases. T. mentagrophytes was the most common fungal isolate among all the culture-positive cases.

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Dermatophytes in Skin, Nail and Hair among the Patients Attending Out Patient Department

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Epidemiology and Diagnostic Perspectives of Dermatophytoses

Epidemiology and Diagnostic Perspectives of Dermatophytoses

Clinico mycological profile of Dermatophytosis in patients attending tertiary care hospital in Northern India

Spectrum of dermatophytes in a tertiary care centre in Northern India

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