Dermatomyositis: cutaneous manifestations of its variants

Inflammatory Myopathies with Cutaneous Involvement: from Diagnosis to Therapy

“…2,21 Pathognomonic lesions are heliotrope erythema and edema of the eyelids, Gottron papules and Gottron sign. Heliotrope erythema is most frequently observed; however, it is a less specifi c sign than Gottron's papules.…”

“…Some of the patients may have concomitant neoplastic disorders and features of other connective tissue diseases or markers of autoimmunity varying from absence of auto-antibodies to very high titres of auto-antibodies. 2 Various autoantibodies found in dermatomyositis may distinguish certain clinical variants as anti-synthetase antibodies in anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS), anti-TIF1γ in paraneoplastic dermatomyositis 3 or anti-MDA5 antibodies in amyopathic dermatomyositis 4 . Finally, some medicaments may induce or trigger clinical variants of myositis.…”

“…In contrast to other non-infl ammatory myopathies, PM patients have no family history of neuromuscular disease, exposure to myotoxic drugs or toxins, and clinical features of endocrinopathy. 2 Inclusion body myositis is a rare infl ammatory myopathy which is prevalent in men. It presents with asymmetric muscle affection and atrophy of distal muscles, lack of peripheral refl ex, rarely associates with malignancy and therapeutic resistance.…”

Dermatomiosite

“…12 Alterações cutâ-neas são encontradas tanto na DM como na miosite por corpos de inclusão. 3,[13][14][15] Bohan e Peter classificaram a DM em DM primá-ria idiopática (DMPI), DM juvenil (DMJ), DM associada a neoplasia e DM associada a outra doença do tecido conjuntivo (DMDC). Definiram, também, critérios para seu diagnóstico (Quadro 2).…”

“…15 15 Fotossensibilidade ocorre em um terço dos casos. 5,33 Em 82% dos pacientes observa-se envolvimento do couro cabeludo, 13 que pode ser confundido com dermatite seborréica ou psoríase, e em alguns casos ocorre alopecia. 9,15,17 As "mãos de mecânico" são caracterizadas por descamação, fissuras, ceratose e hiperpigmentação simétricas e não pruriginosas nas palmas.…”