Dermal Pathology of Superficial Fungus Infections

Graham, James H.; Barroso-Tobila, Cesar

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-80570-7_8

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…Pathologically, endonyx onychomycosis is characterized by massive nail plate invasion in the absence of nail bed in£ammatory changes. Similar pathological features have previously been reported in onychomycosis due to Trichophyton violaceum (2,3).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

"Endonyx" Onychomycosis: A New Modality of Nail Invasion by Dermatophytes

Tosti

Baran²,

Piraccini³

et al. 1999

Acta Dermato-Venereologica

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Three patients with onychomycosis due to Trichophyton soudanense with an "endonyx" type of nail invasion are presented. Endonyx onychomycosis is clinically characterized by a diffuse milky-white discolouration of the affected nail, in the absence of nail bed hyperkeratosis or onycholysis. Nail plate surface and nail thickness are normal. The pathology shows a contrast between the great number of fungal hyphae visible in the nail plate and the absence of fungal elements in the nail bed. The nail bed does not show inflammatory changes or hyperkeratosis and adheres strictly to the lowermost layers of the nail plate. The hyponychium is normal and does not contain hyphae. The endonyx pattern of nail infection appears to be specific to T. soudanense nail invasion and may possibly reflect the high affinity of T. soudanense to hard keratins.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

"Endonyx" Onychomycosis: A New Modality of Nail Invasion by Dermatophytes

Tosti

Baran²,

Piraccini³

et al. 1999

Acta Dermato-Venereologica

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“…In some persons this results in a granulomatous reaction resembling granuloma annulare. [515][516][517] Necrobiotic areas are also seen in cutaneous berylliosis. 514 Areas of necrobiosis associated with a granulomatous reaction have also been described, rarely, in association with Trichophyton rubrum, and with the presence of splinters of wood and suture material (Fig.…”

Section: Reactions To Foreign Materials and Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The granulomatous reaction pattern

Weedon

2010

Weedon's Skin Pathology

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“…BIOCHEMISTRYond MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL T. beigelii are pathogenic fungi known to cause white piedra of the scalp hair in temperate and tropical regions (10). The Trichosporon species are soil-and water-inhabition yeasts and are occasionally found in flora normally associated with human skin, mouth, and nails, At present, T.…”

Section: Vol 43 No 3 1997mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in the present study, CA(1-8)-ME(1-12) showed a high hemolytic activity of 14.1% at 200 gg/ml concentration under physiological conditions. These results suggest that the solution method is more sensititive than the agarose hole method and CA(1-8)-ME(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) in its natural form might not be appropriate for clinical treatment. The a-helical wheel diagrams of CA(1-8)-ME(I-12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of novel analogue peptides with potent fungicidal but low hemolytic activity based on the cecropin a‐melittin hybrid structure

et al. 1997

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In order to design synthetic peptides with potent antifungal activity but low cytotoxic activity under physiological conditions, several analogues of the previously reported cecropin A (CA)‐melittin (ME) hybrid peptide, CA(1‐8)‐ME(1‐12), were synthesized. These analogues were designed by analysis of the α‐helical wheel diagram of CA(1‐8)‐ME(1‐12). Antifungal activities were measured by growth inhibition of the yeast Trichosporon beigelii and by hemolytic assay with human red blood cells, respectively. Substitution of Thr for Lys at position 18 and 19 of CA(1‐8)‐ME(1‐12) caused a dramatic reduction in hemolytic activity. Two analogue peptides (analogue I and III) showed more potent antifungal and lower hemolytic activity than the original peptide. To study the antifungal mechanism of these peptides, fluorescence activated flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy were performed with the most powerful antifungal analogue I peptide designed in the present study. As determined by propidium iodide staining, fungal cells treated with analogue I or melittin showed higher fluorescence intensity than those treated with the weak antifungal peptide, cecropin A. By confocal microscopy the analogue I was detected in the intracellular region as well as the in cell membrane. These facts suggested that the antifungal function of this novel peptide analogue acts by pore formation in the cell membrane.

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Dermal Pathology of Superficial Fungus Infections

Cited by 12 publications

References 128 publications

"Endonyx" Onychomycosis: A New Modality of Nail Invasion by Dermatophytes

"Endonyx" Onychomycosis: A New Modality of Nail Invasion by Dermatophytes

The granulomatous reaction pattern

Design of novel analogue peptides with potent fungicidal but low hemolytic activity based on the cecropin a‐melittin hybrid structure

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