2010
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.04.010
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Derivation of Pre-X Inactivation Human Embryonic Stem Cells under Physiological Oxygen Concentrations

Abstract: The presence of two active X chromosomes (XaXa) is a hallmark of the ground state of pluripotency specific to murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Human ESCs (hESCs) invariably exhibit signs of X chromosome inactivation (XCI) and are considered developmentally more advanced than their murine counterparts. We describe the establishment of XaXa hESCs derived under physiological oxygen concentrations. Using these cell lines, we demonstrate that (1) differentiation of hESCs induces random XCI in a manner similar to… Show more

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Cited by 373 publications
(372 citation statements)
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“…Identification of both Xs via XIST-FISH before X inactivation is consistent with a previous observation on human embryos (12). Thus, we looked at XIST promoter methylation as an indicator of an inactive X, using four primer sets (13). Sets 1L-1R, 9F-9R, and 11F-11R indicated similar extensive promoter methylation in the naïve, primed, and differentiated states.…”
Section: Elf1 Cellssupporting
confidence: 55%
“…Identification of both Xs via XIST-FISH before X inactivation is consistent with a previous observation on human embryos (12). Thus, we looked at XIST promoter methylation as an indicator of an inactive X, using four primer sets (13). Sets 1L-1R, 9F-9R, and 11F-11R indicated similar extensive promoter methylation in the naïve, primed, and differentiated states.…”
Section: Elf1 Cellssupporting
confidence: 55%
“…Female hESCs derived from the www.cell-research.com | Cell Research Jia-Chi Yeo and Huck-Hui Ng 27 npg culture of human blastocysts in hypoxic (5% O 2 ) conditions were found to be in an XaXa status, a characteristic of mouse naive pluripotency [132]. However, these cells were maintained in conventional FGF-containing media and were not tested further for features of naive pluripotency.…”
Section: Mesc-like Hescsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A long standing puzzling question has been why most human female ES cell lines carry an Xi, as opposed to female mouse ES cells that always have two active X chromosomes [105][106][107]. Strikingly, in stark contrast to mouse iPS cell lines, currently all available (FGF4-dependent) human female iPS cells do not reactivate the Xi [108], and the ramifications of this Xi retention are proposed to affect studies of X-linked diseases [108].…”
Section: Status Of the X Chromosome Inactivation In Female Cell Repromentioning
confidence: 99%