Der Kehlkopf des Kindes

Peter, Karl

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-40970-1_1

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It has been suggested (4) that the low G.F. in the young infant is dependent upon the resistance to filtration offered by the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule, which in the small infant is composed of cuboidal cells in contrast to the thin flat cells of the adult membrane (13,14). The finding of high F.F.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether the anatomical difference is the total or even a prime factor responsible for the low G.F. is not known. It is interesting, nevertheless, that both the functional maturation and the anatomic maturation of the kidney glomerulus occur at about the same time, around the second or third year of life (14). Low blood pressure in the small infant could possibly influence the G.F. but G.F. increases over a period of several months when the arterial blood pressure is more or less constant, indicating a lack of correlation between these two.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to determine if surface area is the best basis of comparing the G.F. in the growing child to that of the adult, we have related in Table II the G.F. (in cubic centimeters per minute) at different ages throughout childhood to several different measurements of reference: such as (1) body weight in Kg., (2) body height in cm., (3) body surface area in sq.m., (4) average kidney weight in Gm., and (5) average basal metabolic rate in calories per hour, and have compared these ratios to the adult values. The values for average kidney weight in the different age groups were obtained from the data of Peter (14), and the average values for basal caloric expenditure per hour were obtained from Washburn and Iliff (20). It is apparent that when body weight is used as the measurement of reference, the data are very irregular.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maturation of Renal Function in Childhood: Clearance Studies12

Rubin¹,

Bruck²,

Rapoport³

et al. 1949

J. Clin. Invest.

245

120

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Maturation of Renal Function in Childhood: Clearance Studies12

Rubin¹,

Bruck²,

Rapoport³

et al. 1949

J. Clin. Invest.

245

120

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“…Nernai (16) drUckt das so aus: ,,Die stimmliche Mehrwertigkeit des Kehlkopfes beirn Menschen hat einer Minderwertigkeit fir die Inspiration Platz gemacht". Auch beirn Neugeborenen findet sich eine relativ ldngere posteriore Glottis, so daB die beiden Abschnitte zum Zeitpunkt der Geburt etwa gleich lang sind (8,14,19,25). Hirano u. Mitarb.…”

Section: Verhältnis Zwischen Anteriorer Und Posteriorer Glottisunclassified

“…Zur funktionellen Struktur der menschlichen Stimmlippe G. Friedrich, .1 Kainz, tV Freicli Hals-, Nasen-, Ohren-Universitätsklinik Graz (Vorstand: Univ. Prof. Dr. M. Moser) Zusammenfassung __________ 19 Kehlkopfräparate (11 männliche, 8 weibliche) wurden in horizontalen Stufenserien parallel zurn freien Rand der Stimmlippe geschnitten, die Strukturen der Glottis mikromorphometrisch vermessen und die Ergebnisse bezüglich des Geschlechtsunterschi edes statistisch verrechnet. Es zeigte sich, dalI sich an der Glottisdie grobe Teilung in einen anterioren und einen posterioren Anteil hinaus histo-Iogisch funf Zonen relativ klar voneinander abgrenzen lassen.…”

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Zur funktionellen Struktur der menschlichen Stimmlippe

Götz¹,

Kainz²,

Freidl³

1993

Laryngo-Rhino-Otol

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19 laryngeal specimens (11 male, 8 female) were cut in horizontal serial sections, parallel to the free edge of the vocal cord. After staining, the structures of the glottis were measured microscopically and statistical analysis of the sex-related differences performed. The results show that the glottis can be divided not only into the well-known anterior and posterior glottis, but into five histological and functional distinctive portions. Within the anterior glottis, these parts are the freely vibrating midportion of the vocal cord, which is connected to the stiff laryngeal frame via an anterior and posterior transition zone. Within the posterior glottis there are two parts: the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage (which is, according to Hirano, also the cartilage portion of the vocal cord) and the lateral wall of the posterior glottis. Statistical analysis of the data revealed significant sex differences, not only in the absolute measures but also on comparing the relative dimensions in respect of the total glottic length. The posterior glottis accounts for 37% of the total glottic length in men and for 42% in women and is therefore longer than generally accepted. We found statistically significant sex-related differences in the length of the posterior glottis, which is absolutely longer in men but relatively longer in women. The reason for this is the difference in the length of the midportion of the vocal cord. This zone is twice as long in men (8.5 mm) than in women (4.6 mm) and accounts for 37% of the total glottic length in men compared to 29% in women. As this portion is the most vibrating part of the vocal cord this could be an explanation for the unsolved phenomenon why the fundamental frequencies are 1:2 between men and women while all dimensions of the larynx are 1.5:1. The vibrating midportion of the vocal cord is connected to the stiff laryngeal framework by highly differentiated transition zones: the nodulus elasticus anterior and posterior. The lamina propria of the midportion shows a three-layered structure, orientated parallel to the free edge of the vocal cord. In the transition zones the deep layer of the lamina propria consists of interwoven bundles of collagen and elastic fibres, thus having the function of a "cushion ball" (Hirano). A functionally important portion is the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage. The complex movements of the vocal process during abduction and adduction of the vocal cords produce a severe mechanical strain on the mucous membrane covering this part of the glottis.

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Das Körperbild im Reifungsalter

Schmidt-Voigt¹

1945

Ergebnisse Der Inneren Medizin Und Kinderheilkunde

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Der Kehlkopf des Kindes

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Maturation of Renal Function in Childhood: Clearance Studies12

Maturation of Renal Function in Childhood: Clearance Studies12

Zur funktionellen Struktur der menschlichen Stimmlippe

Das Körperbild im Reifungsalter

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