Depth profiling of stratum corneum biophysical and molecular properties

Mohammed, D.; Matts, Paul J.; Hadgraft, Jonathan; Lane, Majella E.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10211.x

Cited by 41 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The same 37 individuals were assessed for plasmin, C‐1 and BH activities. Protease activities were determined on the fifth tape stripping using previously reported methods …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-life regional and temporal variation in filaggrin-derived natural moisturizing factor, filaggrin-processing enzyme activity, corneocyte phenotypes and plasmin activity: implications for atopic dermatitis

et al. 2018

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SummaryBackgroundFilaggrin is central to the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). The cheeks are a common initiation site of infantile AD. Regional and temporal expression of levels of filaggrin degradation products [natural moisturizing factors (NMFs)], activities of filaggrin‐processing enzymes [bleomycin hydrolase (BH) and calpain‐1 (C‐1)] and plasmin, and corneocyte envelope (CE) maturity in early life are largely unknown.ObjectivesWe conducted a cross‐sectional, observational study investigating regional and age‐dependent variations in NMF levels, activity of proteases and CE maturity in stratum corneum (SC) from infants to determine whether these factors could explain the observed predilection sites for AD in early life.MethodsWe measured NMF using a tape‐stripping method at seven sites in the SC of 129 children (aged < 12 months to 72 months) and in three sites in 56 neonates and infants (< 48 h to 3 months). In 37 of these neonates and infants, corneocyte size, maturity, BH, C‐1 and plasmin activities were determined.Results NMF levels are low at birth and increase with age. Cheek SC, compared with elbow flexure and nasal tip, has the lowest NMF in the first year of life and is the slowest to reach stable levels. Cheek corneocytes remain immature. Plasmin, BH and C‐1 activities are all elevated by 1 month of age in exposed cheek skin, but not in elbow skin.ConclusionsRegional and temporal differences in NMF levels, CE maturity and protease activities may explain the predilection for AD to affect the cheeks initially and are supportive of this site as key for allergen priming in early childhood. These observations will help design early intervention and treatment strategies for AD.

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“…The same 37 individuals were assessed for plasmin, C‐1 and BH activities. Protease activities were determined on the fifth tape stripping using previously reported methods …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-life regional and temporal variation in filaggrin-derived natural moisturizing factor, filaggrin-processing enzyme activity, corneocyte phenotypes and plasmin activity: implications for atopic dermatitis

et al. 2018

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“…Figure 2 shows the protein content, which was measured for each individual tape strip. As noted previously 10 the amount of protein removed decreased was more SC was removed, reflecting increased cohesion of the deeper layers 14–16 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Stratum corneum samples were obtained by tape stripping as described above. Protease activity was measured for tape strip numbers 2–4, 6–8, 10–12, 14–16 and 18–20 as previously described 10 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Aqueous Cream BP on corneocyte size, maturity, skin protease activity, protein content and transepidermal water loss

Mohammed

Matts

Hadgraft

et al. 2011

British Journal of Dermatology

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SummaryBackground Aqueous Cream BP is frequently prescribed for patients with eczema and is known to induce sensitivity in certain patients and also to decrease the thickness of the stratum corneum (SC). We have previously reported methodology to quantify corneocyte maturity and size, protease activity and protein content within different levels of the SC. Objectives The aim of the present study was to investigate changes in corneocyte size, corneocyte maturity, selected protease activities, protein content and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in normal skin after a 28-day application of Aqueous Cream BP. Methods The left and right mid volar forearms of six healthy female volunteers were selected as the study sites. Aqueous Cream BP was applied twice daily to treated sites for 28 days. At the end of this period, the site was tape-stripped and corneocyte maturity, corneocyte size and protease activity of the desquamatory kallikrein proteases, KLK5 and KLK7, and the inflammatory proteases tryptase and plasmin were measured. Protein content and TEWL measurements were also recorded. Results Corneocyte maturity and size decreased with increasing number of tape strips, and were significantly lower in treated sites compared with untreated sites. Protease activity and TEWL values were higher (P < 0AE05) for the treated sites compared with untreated sites. The amount of protein removed from deeper layers of treated sites was significantly lower than from untreated sites. Conclusions We report rapid minimally invasive measures of the effects of Aqueous Cream BP at the cellular and molecular level of the skin. Treatment with this formulation is associated with increased desquamatory and inflammatory protease activity. Changes in corneocyte maturity and size are also indicative of accelerated skin turnover induced by chronic application of this emollient. These findings question firmly the routine prescription of this preparation as a moisturizer in patients with atopic dermatitis.

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“…Mohammed et al found similar results [ 144 ] ; moreover, they report decreased corneocyte maturity and surface area with increasing number of tape strippings similar to Hirao [ 145 ] and Harding et al [ 146 ] .…”

Section: Rate Of Desquamationmentioning

confidence: 51%