Depression symptoms and hypothyroidism in a population-based study of middle-aged Brazilian women

Guimarães, Joanna Miguez Nery; Lopes, Cláudia de Souza; Baima, Jader; Sichieri, Rosely

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2008.12.012

Cited by 57 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…As seen in Table 1, three of the fourteen included studies were of the general population [16][17][18] , one with middle-aged women 19 , three were specifically of older adults [20][21][22] , two with young Articles evaluated for quality (n = 17)…”

Section: Setting and Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three of the fourteen studies examined depression [16][17][18] , three examined psychiatric morbidity (referred to as depressive symptoms, or depression morbidity) [19][20][21][22] , two studied Common Mental Disorders 23,24 , and five studies examined ante-or post-natal depression, or depression during pregnancy [25][26][27][28][29] . Although anxiety was included in the search terms, only one study included any measure specific to anxiety; this study examined both antenatal depression and antenatal anxiety 25 .…”

Section: Mental Health Disorders Studiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As seen in Table 1, for the bivariate analyses twelve studies reported prevalence by race, and one reported a prevalence ratio but not prevalence [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] . Only ten articles included race in the multivariate analysis [16][17][18]20,22,[23][24][25][26]28 ; although in one study the absence of race/skin color in the multivariate model was due to the use of stepwise regression 27 .…”

Section: Mental Health Disorders Studiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Raça/cor da pele e transtornos mentais no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática

Smolen

Araújo

2017

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

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Section: Setting and Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mental Health Disorders Studiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mental Health Disorders Studiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Raça/cor da pele e transtornos mentais no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática

Smolen

Araújo

2017

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

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“…30,35,47 Six national studies were included. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Nine studies were conducted in the Southeast region, 22,[31][32][33][43][44][45][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] eight in the South region, [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]46 two in the Northeast region [47][48][49] and one in the Mid-West region of Brazil. [31][32][33] Eight studies were conducted i...…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23][24][25][26][27][28]30,35,45,48,49,53,62,63 To screen for the prevalence of depressive symptoms, nine studies considered self-reported depression, [23][24][25][26][27][28]30,34,46,47,53 and 11 used the following tools: 1) Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Questionnaire (Questioná rio de Morbidade Psiquiá trica de Adultos, QMPA) [31][32][33]48,49 ; 2) Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) 35,62,63 ; 3) Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) 29 ; 4) Composite International Diagnostic Interview ShortForm (CIDI SF) 54 ; 5) Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) 42 ; 6) Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) 40 ; and 7) Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD). 45 The seven studies that screened for major depressive disorder used the following tools: the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), 22,43,44,[50][51][52]…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of depression morbidity among Brazilian adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Silva

Galvão

Martins

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

115

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Objective: To estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and major depressive disorder, as assessed in population-based cross-sectional studies of Brazilian adults. Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature. The major databases were searched up through October 2013. Two researchers selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed their methodological quality. Meta-analyses were performed using random effects. Results: Of the 2,971 records retrieved, we selected 27 studies that assessed the prevalence of depression morbidity in 464,734 individuals (66% women). Eleven different screening tools were used to assess depression morbidity. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 14% (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 13-16; I 2 = 99.5%), whereas the 1-year prevalence of major depressive disorder was 8% (95%CI 7-10; I 2 = 86.7%), and the lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder was 17% (95%CI 14-19; I 2 = 91.6%). All rates were higher in women than in men. No causes of heterogeneity could be identified. Conclusion: Depression morbidity was common among Brazilian adults, and affects more women than men. Inconsistencies across studies highlight the need for standardization of future research. Clinicians should routinely investigate for the presence of depression morbidity in this population.

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Association of Hypothyroidism and Clinical Depression

et al. 2021

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IMPORTANCE Hypothyroidism is considered a cause of or a strong risk factor for depression, but recent studies provide conflicting evidence regarding the existence and the extent of the association. It is also unclear whether the link is largely due to subsyndromal depression or holds true for clinical depression.OBJECTIVE To estimate the association of hypothyroidism and clinical depression in the general population.DATA SOURCES PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase databases were searched from inception until May 2020 for studies on the association of hypothyroidism and clinical depression. STUDY SELECTION Two reviewers independently selected epidemiologic and population-based studies that provided laboratory or International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems diagnoses of hypothyroidism and diagnoses of depression according to operationalized criteria (eg, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) or cutoffs in established rating scales.DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two reviewers independently extracted data and evaluated studies based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Summary odds ratios (OR) were calculated in random-effects meta-analyses.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Prespecified coprimary outcomes were the association of clinical depression with either hypothyroidism or autoimmunity. RESULTSOf 4350 articles screened, 25 studies were selected for meta-analysis, including 348 014 participants. Hypothyroidism and clinical depression were associated (OR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.08-1.57]), while the OR for autoimmunity was inconclusive (1.24 [95% CI, 0.89-1.74]). Subgroup analyses revealed a stronger association with overt than with subclinical hypothyroidism, with ORs of 1.77 (95% CI, 1.13-2.77) and 1.13 (95% CI, 1.01-1.28), respectively. Sensitivity analyses resulted in more conservative estimates. In a post hoc analysis, the association was confirmed in female individuals (OR, 1.48 [95% CI,) but not in male individuals (OR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.40-1.25]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, the effect size for the association between hypothyroidism and clinical depression was considerably lower than previously assumed, and the modest association was possibly restricted to overt hypothyroidism and female individuals. Autoimmunity alone may not be the driving factor in this comorbidity.

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Depression symptoms and hypothyroidism in a population-based study of middle-aged Brazilian women

Cited by 57 publications

References 9 publications

Raça/cor da pele e transtornos mentais no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática

Raça/cor da pele e transtornos mentais no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática

Prevalence of depression morbidity among Brazilian adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Association of Hypothyroidism and Clinical Depression

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