Deposition rate of hafnium crystal bar by iodide process

Tian, Li-Sen; Yin, Yan-Xi; Hu, Zhi-Fang; Jiang, Honglin; Li, Zhongqi; Wang, Lijun

doi:10.1007/s12598-014-0250-2

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Different methods for refining such as re-electrolysis, iodide method for refining [3][4][5][6], e-beam refining [7] or zone melting [8] can be used for achieving the requirements for higher hafnium purity and better structure. These refining methods may be used in different sequence and at different levels of the manufacturing technology, which depends on the concrete requirements concerning the produced material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of double electron beam refining at melting of hafnium metal sponge

Vutova

Vassileva

Ratheesh

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The possibility of the refining of hafnium metal sponge by e-beam double melting process is studied in this work. For this purpose, the effect of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters on the behavior of the impurities present in the base metal and their influence on the microstructure of the samples produced after double electron beam refining are investigated. The vapor (partial) pressure of hafnium, the controlled metallic inclusions (impurities) and their oxides as well as the relative volatility for the inclusions in the investigated hafnium material were evaluated. The process efficiency and the degree of refining with respect to the controlled impurities for each technological mode at double refining of hafnium sponge material were assessed based on thermodynamic analysis and conducted experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%