Deposition of triazine-based graphitic carbon nitride<i>via</i>plasma-induced polymerisation of melamine

Ruhmlieb, Charlotte; Taplick, Maria; Nissen, Matz; Baev, Ivan; Strelow, Christian; Hentschel, Sebastian; Dohrmann, Marcel; Martins, M.; Kipp, Tobias; Mews, Alf

doi:10.1039/d2ta00491g

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…The optimized lattice parameter of the planar structure of tg-C 3 N 4 was obtained a = b = 4.78 Å, and its band structure exhibits a direct band gap (Γ → Γ) with an energy of 3.19 eV, which is consistent with theoretical work . However, using photoluminescence spectroscopy, it has been shown that the experimental bandgap of tg-C 3 N 4 (triazine type of g-C 3 N 4 ) is about 2.1 eV . This experimental band gap energy is closer to the PBE bandgap (∼1.6 eV) than to the HSE06 band gap.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…49 However, using photoluminescence spectroscopy, it has been shown that the experimental bandgap of tg-C 3 N 4 (triazine type of g-C 3 N 4 ) is about 2.1 eV. 50 This experimental band gap energy is closer to the PBE bandgap (∼1.6 eV) than to the HSE06 band gap. The optimized lattice structure of the Janus WSSe monolayer unit cell and its corresponding electronic band structure are shown in Figure 1C,D, respectively.…”

Section: Janus Wsse and Triazine G-c 3 Nmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Interfacial Control at Janus WSSe/Triazine g-C₃N₄ Heterostructures in Developing Type-II and Z-Scheme Photocatalysts

Rahimi,

Moshfegh

2023

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Tailoring band gap energies and band alignment types of heterogeneous photocatalysts is critical for their performance in particular applications. Here, by performing calculations in the framework of density functional theory, we study the role of interface in control and tuning band gap and band alignment characteristics of two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures of monolayers of triazine graphitic carbon nitride (tg-C3N4) and Janus tungsten sulfide selenide (WSSe) by varying either S or Se atomic layers. Then we investigate how the vdW heterostructures (i.e., tg-C3N4/SWSe and tg-C3N4/SeWS) over both tg-C3N4 and WSSe surface sides can serve as an efficient water-splitting photocatalyst under sunlight photoirradiation. We also demonstrate that there is a built-in electric field developed across both heterostructures directing from tg-C3N4 to WSSe, which creates Z-scheme tg-C3N4/SWSe (indirect band gap of 1.41 eV) and type-II tg-C3N4/SeWS (direct band gap of 1.56 eV) heterojunctions. Both of these types are appropriate for photocatalytic reactions, thanks to retardation in the recombination rate of the photogenerated charge carriers (electrons and holes), resulting from better spatial separation of conduction band minimum (CBM) and valence band maximum (VBM). Furthermore, we show that both heterostructures exhibit a considerable optical absorption over the visible light photoirradiation. Then, we compare VBM and CBM energy levels of the heterostructured photocatalyst in water oxidation/reduction reactions over both tg-C3N4 and WSSe surfaces in order to determine its potential application in the overall water splitting process. We finally study how to tune both heterostructures for the desired CBM and VBM energy levels as well as types of band alignment and band gap energies to improve activity of the photocatalysts toward water splitting reaction under applied biaxial strain and external electric field.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Janus Wsse and Triazine G-c 3 Nmentioning

confidence: 97%

Interfacial Control at Janus WSSe/Triazine g-C₃N₄ Heterostructures in Developing Type-II and Z-Scheme Photocatalysts

Rahimi,

Moshfegh

2023

J. Phys. Chem. C

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“…This result could be attributed to the fact that the added SnCl 4 •5H 2 O accelerated the condensation reaction of melamine to generate involatile compounds, and thereby reduced the weight loss caused by the sublimation of melamine. 80,81 In summary, during the pyrolysis process of melamine, SnCl 4 •5H 2 O was converted into SnO 2 and HCl, which affected the morphology and structure of g-C 3 N 4 and increased the yield of g-C 3 N 4 , reflecting the advantages of the one-pot pyrolysis preparation strategy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile one‐pot pyrolysis preparation of SnO₂/g‐C₃N₄ composites for improved photocatalytic H₂ production

Cai

Wang

Shi

et al. 2022

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND Graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) has attracted extensive attention as a typical photocatalyst. However, g‐C3N4 still needs to be modified to obtain enhanced hydrogen production activity. RESULTS Here, SnO2/g‐C3N4 composites were prepared by a facile one‐pot pyrolysis method, and showed enhanced visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic H2 production activities with the highest value of 241 μmol h−1 g−1, which was about four times that of pure polymeric g‐C3N4. The facile one‐pot pyrolysis method not only promoted effective coupling between g‐C3N4 and SnO2, but also adjusted the photocatalytic performance‐related physicochemical properties of polymeric g‐C3N4. The reduction of particle sizes of g‐C3N4 promoted the migration of photogenerated carriers to the surface and the introduction of SnO2 as electron transport material promoted the transfer of photogenerated charge carriers from g‐C3N4 host photocatalyst to metallic Pt cocatalyst, synergistically restraining the recombination of photogenerated carriers. Moreover, the increased specific surface areas and pore volumes enriched the reactive sites and facilitated the mass transfer of reactants, thus accelerating the redox reactions. Furthermore, the enhanced light absorption promoted the generation of photogenerated carriers which was beneficial for photocatalytic reactions. CONCLUSIONS This work provides an effective reference for the application of Sn species in the modification of photocatalysts, especially polymeric g‐C3N4. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…3c) exhibit four types of N species, including C-N]C (398.6 eV), N-(C) 3 (399.9 eV), NH x (401.1 eV), and the positive charge localization in heptazine ring amino groups (404.4 eV). 34 For TCN-Lc10, the binding energy of C 1s for N-C]N and C-NH x has a negative shi compared to that of BCN, which is due to the formation of chemical bonds between the Lc unit and C-NH x on BCN. Analogously, N 1s spectra for C-N]C and NH x are both shied to lower binding energy.…”

Section: Morphology and Structural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Edge effect-modulated exciton dissociation and charge transfer in porous ultrathin tubular graphitic carbon nitride for boosting photoredox activity

Xing

et al. 2022

J. Mater. Chem. A

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Deposition of triazine-based graphitic carbon nitrideviaplasma-induced polymerisation of melamine

Abstract: Millisecond plasma pulses are used to convert vaporised melamine into pure TGCN with a large surface area for efficient water splitting.

Cited by 11 publications

References 106 publications

Interfacial Control at Janus WSSe/Triazine g-C₃N₄ Heterostructures in Developing Type-II and Z-Scheme Photocatalysts

Interfacial Control at Janus WSSe/Triazine g-C₃N₄ Heterostructures in Developing Type-II and Z-Scheme Photocatalysts

Facile one‐pot pyrolysis preparation of SnO₂/g‐C₃N₄ composites for improved photocatalytic H₂ production

Edge effect-modulated exciton dissociation and charge transfer in porous ultrathin tubular graphitic carbon nitride for boosting photoredox activity

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Deposition of triazine-based graphitic carbon nitrideviaplasma-induced polymerisation of melamine

Abstract: Millisecond plasma pulses are used to convert vaporised melamine into pure TGCN with a large surface area for efficient water splitting.

Cited by 11 publications

References 106 publications

Interfacial Control at Janus WSSe/Triazine g-C3N4 Heterostructures in Developing Type-II and Z-Scheme Photocatalysts

Interfacial Control at Janus WSSe/Triazine g-C3N4 Heterostructures in Developing Type-II and Z-Scheme Photocatalysts

Facile one‐pot pyrolysis preparation of SnO2/g‐C3N4 composites for improved photocatalytic H2 production

Edge effect-modulated exciton dissociation and charge transfer in porous ultrathin tubular graphitic carbon nitride for boosting photoredox activity

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Interfacial Control at Janus WSSe/Triazine g-C₃N₄ Heterostructures in Developing Type-II and Z-Scheme Photocatalysts

Interfacial Control at Janus WSSe/Triazine g-C₃N₄ Heterostructures in Developing Type-II and Z-Scheme Photocatalysts

Facile one‐pot pyrolysis preparation of SnO₂/g‐C₃N₄ composites for improved photocatalytic H₂ production