Deposition of Bio‐Integration Ceramic Hydroxyapatite by Pulsed‐Pressure MOCVD Using a Single Liquid Precursor Solution

Abstract

Pulsed-pressure (PP) metal-organic(MO)CVD is used to deposit layers of calcium phosphate onto flat bio-medical grade titanium (Ti6Al4V) substrates. Inexpensive calcium lactate and trimethyl phosphate (TMP), combined in a methanol solution, forms the precursor. A range of precursor mixtures is studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to assess reaction pathways. The surface topography, morphology, composition, and crystallinity are studied over a range of deposition temperatures and precursor concentrations. The resulting films are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (RS), and micro-indentation. The films are continuous and the size of surface structures increases at higher temperatures and precursor concentration. The films consist of amorphous calcium phosphate in elemental Ca/P ratios similar to the standard bio-ceramic, hydroxyapatite (1.66).

Preparation and evaluation of activated carbons from lotus stalk with trimethyl phosphate and tributyl phosphate activation for lead removal

“…Thus the impregnation in TMP and TBP for 9 h facilitated the decomposition of lignocellulose and produced more highly volatile matters. Moreover, TMP and TBP could evaporate and decompose at temperatures below their boiling points (197°C for TMP and 289°C for TBP) by splitting of the CAO bonds or the PAO bonds and producing some radicals [20,33]. The produced radicals may catalyze the decomposition of lignocellulose at low temperature.…”

Calcium orthophosphate deposits: Preparation, properties and biomedical applications

“…To perform MOCVD, both Ca-and P-containing precursors were evaporated by heating and, by means of a carrier gas (e.g., Ar), forwarded into a reactor, in which a heated substrate is located [305][306][307][308][309][310][311]. For better oxidation of the precursors, oxygen might be separately introduced into the reactor, where it is mixed with the precursor vapors.…”

Crystal growth of hydroxyapatite microplates synthesised by Sol–Gel method

“…In other literary works, the growth of microplates has been made under the influence of glutamic acid as an agent to guide the growth of the nanostructures [20], in this work the synthesis process is free of glutamic acid obtaining similar nanostructures. Other methods have been used to obtain HAp crystals such as microwaves or chemical vapour deposition [20, 28], however the sol–gel method has the advantage of using a lower synthesis temperature and a high performance, as mentioned previously.…”