Depletion of intracellular glutathione and increased lipid peroxidation mediate cytotoxicity of hematite nanoparticles in MRC-5 cells.

Abstract

Particles generated from numerous anthropogenic and/or natural sources, such as crystalline α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles, have the potential to damage lung cells. In our study we investigated the effects of these nanoparticles (12.5 µg/ml) on lipid peroxidation and the antioxidative system in MRC-5 lung fibroblast cells following exposure for 24, 48 or 72h. Exposure to α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles increased lipid peroxidation by 81%, 189% and 110% after 24, 48 and 72h, respectively. Conversely, the reduced glutathione concentration decreased by 23.2% and 51.4% after 48 and 72h of treatment, respectively. In addition, an augmentation of the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase and glutathione reductase within the interval between 48-72h was noticed. Taking into account that the reduced glutathione level decreased and the malondialdehyde level, a lipid peroxidation product, remained highly increased up to 72h of exposure, it would appear that the MRC-5 antioxidant defense mechanisms did not efficiently counteract the oxidative stress induced by exposure to hematite nanoparticles.

Iron oxide nanoparticles induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and DNA damage in lymphocytes

“…Similar types of result was observed in GSH content in gill cells of Anguilla anguilla exposed to IONPs (Ramsden et al, ; Srikanth et al, ). A decrease in GSH content and increase in LPO was reported in MRC‐5 cells exposed to α‐Fe 2 O 3 up to 72 h (Radu et al, ). Murray et al () also found a concentration‐dependent reduction in GSH levels in mouse epidermal cells following exposure to dextron‐coated SPION particles.…”

Extended Investigations on Luminescent Cs2[Mo6Br14]@SiO2 Nanoparticles: Physico-Structural Characterizations and Toxicity Studies

“…With cell line MRC-5 and with some incubation times, hematite nanoparticles generated a drastic lipid peroxidation increase conversely with a decrease of reduced glutathione concentration which represent a cellular antioxydative system. 49 McCarthy et al reported a strong toxicity for 10 nm sized amorphous silica nanoparticles on human lung submucocal cells with a LC50 of 9.7 μg/mL after 24 h of incubation. 50 With MTT analyses of lung cells A549 and endothelial cells, Lison et al found for 30 nm sized amorphous silica nanoparticles a LC50 of 50 and 100 μg/mL, respectively.…”

Synthesis and antioxidant activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and their diacylhydrazine precursors derived from phenolic acids

“…The decrease in GPX activity could suggest inactivation by ROS. 31 Superoxide anions have been shown to inhibit GPX. 32 However, it is more likely that such decrease in the activity of GR and GPX could be attributed to other mechanisms, not to the production of ROS, having in mind that there were no changes in SOD activity during applied treatment.…”