Dependent and autonomous interpersonal styles and level of differentiation among male patients with eating disorders.

Rothschild-Yakar, Lily; Bashan-Levi, Yael; Gur, Eitan; Vorgaft, Itshak; Stein, Dan J.

doi:10.1037/pap0000026

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 54 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These variables may be especially relevant in families with a member suffering from an ED, as clinicians and researchers suggest that difficulties in separation and individuation often play a significant role in the etiology and maintenance of EDs (67). Indeed, several studies of clinical and non-clinical samples found low levels of differentiation were predictive of elevated ED symptomatology (68,69) Theoretical and Clinical Implications Siblings of individuals suffering from EDs are a scarcely studied, yet considerably at-risk group. To our knowledge, this is the first paper aimed at reviewing the existing literature on the subject, and it reveals the limited state of knowledge related to this issue.…”

Section: Methodological Limitations Of Existing Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Siblings of Individuals With Eating Disorders: A Review of the Literature

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eating disorders (EDs) are serious psychopathologies characterized by a persistent disturbance in eating or eating-related behavior. Studies have shown EDs' detrimental consequences not only for patients, but also for their families. Nevertheless, a specific group that has so far been neglected, in both the research and clinical fields, are siblings of individuals with EDs. In an effort to identify this population's needs, and to facilitate effective prevention and treatment, this paper aims to review the existing literature on the subject, and examine siblings' personal experience, ways of coping, and levels of psychopathology. PubMed and PsycNet databases were searched with no publication date restrictions, yielding 26 relevant papers. Studies were categorized according to common themes they addressed, and subsequently summarized by highlighting common features, as well as information unique to each study. Several themes emerged, including emotional well-being, psychopathology, social consequences, family dynamics, and coping strategies. Results show that EDs experienced by one individual have significant effects on one's siblings, such as a decrease in quality of life, social isolation, and elevated familial strain. In several studies siblings were found to have elevated levels of psychopathology and EDs related symptoms. Nevertheless, findings' nature and magnitude were highly varied. The review indicates the need for further studies that will examine possible intra-and interpersonal moderating factors for EDs' impact on wellbeing among siblings, and take into consideration the substantial heterogeneity in studies conducted thus far. Additionally, this review highlights the need for novel and effective interventions, specifically targeting this at-risk group.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodological Limitations Of Existing Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Siblings of Individuals With Eating Disorders: A Review of the Literature

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Differentiation of Self Inventory (DSI; Skowron and Friedlander, 1998; Skowron and Schmitt, 2003) is a self-report instrument for adults (age ≥ 25 years), that was modification and validated for adolescents and young adults (Rothschild-Yakar et al, 2016). We have used in this study two subscales of affect regulation from Skowron and Schmitt’s (2003) revised version: (1) The 11-item ER subscale reflects the degree to which a person responds to environmental stimuli with emotional flooding, lability or hypersensitivity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emotional cutoff (EC), on the other hand, is regarded as emotional distance, fear of intimacy and/or suppression of emotions (Kerr and Bowen, 1988). Studies have shown that both dysfunctional emotion regulation patterns, may be associated with a greater predisposition to both depression (Bowen, 1978; Choi and Murdock, 2017), and EDs (Tasca et al, 2009; Rothschild-Yakar et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mentalizing Self and Other and Affect Regulation Patterns in Anorexia and Depression

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study aimed to examine two constructs: general mentalizing processes and the specific component of affective mentalizing regarding self and others alongside the construct of affect regulation patterns in female adolescent and young adult inpatients with anorexia nervosa (AN; n = 41), depression (n = 20) and controls (n = 53). We further examined the predictive ability of affect regulation to eating-disorder (ED) symptoms beyond that of the mentalizing variables, and their potential role in mediating between mentalizing, depression and ED symptoms. We used tools assessing reflective functioning (RF), complex emotion recognition and theory of mind (ToM), alexithymia, affect regulation, depression, and ED symptoms. The AN and depression groups exhibited lower general mentalizing and higher alexithymia, emotional reactivity, and emotional cutoff patterns than controls, but showed no greater disturbance in ToM. The two clinical groups did not differ on any of these variables. Elevated mentalizing and adequate affect regulation patterns separately predicted lower severity of ED symptoms. Nonetheless, affect regulation did not add to the predictive value of mentalizing variables. Specifically, elevated alexithymia, and depressive symptomatology, but not RF, predicted greater ED symptomatology. Moreover, alexithymia directly accounted for elevated ED symptoms and also indirectly connected with ED symptoms via emotional hyperactivation and elevated depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that deficiencies in mentalization and affect regulation are not unique to AN, but may rather associated with psychopathology in general. Nonetheless, alexithymia and depression may increase ED-related symptomatology. Affect regulation deficiencies are mainly related with depressive symptoms and emotional hyperactivation is indirectly related with AN via the depressive symptoms.

show abstract

“…High levels of DoS have been negatively associated with dissatisfaction, anxiety, depression, and alexithymia [45,46] and positively associated with satisfaction with quality of life [47][48][49]. In a few studies people with higher risk of EDs reported low levels of DoS [40,51] and high levels of distress and alexithymia [52,53]. A recent study of Israeli Arabs and Israeli Jews found cultural and gender differences in EDs and in a few dimensions of DoS [55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are People with Poor Differentiation of Self at Risk of Developing Eating Disorders? A Study of Jewish and Arab Participants

Peleg

Tzischinsky

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: In light of findings that Israeli Arabs report higher prevalence of eating disorders (EDs) than Israeli Jews and that higher rates of the risk of EDs have been reported by females than males, the first aim of this study was to further investigate the cultural and gender differences in differentiation of self (DoS) and risk of developing EDs among Israeli young adults. The second aim was to examine whether DoS is associated with the risk of EDs. Methods: Of the 859 participants (670 females, mean age 26.8), 440 were Jewish and 419 were Arab. Participants took the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and completed the Differentiation of Self-Revised (DSI-R) questionnaire.Results: Results revealed that Jewish participants had significantly lower diet, bulimia, and total EAT-26 scores than their Arab counterparts, while Jewish female participants had higher dieting and lower emotional cutoff scores than Jewish male participants. In addition, Jews who reported higher levels of risk of EDs showed higher levels of BMI, emotional reactivity, emotional cutoff, and fusion with others. Arabs who reported higher levels of risk of EDs reported higher levels of BMI and emotional cutoff and lower levels of I-position. Conclusion: People with high risk of EDs may have difficulty maintaining intimate family relationships. In distressing situations, they tend to disconnect rather than share with or gain support from significant others. In each culture, the risk of EDs increases for differently: among the Arab participants, when feelings and needs remain unexpressed; among the Jewish participants, even when they have symbiotic family relationships.Level of evidence: Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study

show abstract

Dependent and autonomous interpersonal styles and level of differentiation among male patients with eating disorders.

Cited by 10 publications

References 54 publications

Siblings of Individuals With Eating Disorders: A Review of the Literature

Siblings of Individuals With Eating Disorders: A Review of the Literature

Mentalizing Self and Other and Affect Regulation Patterns in Anorexia and Depression

Are People with Poor Differentiation of Self at Risk of Developing Eating Disorders? A Study of Jewish and Arab Participants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About