Dental implant surface morphology, chemical composition, and topography following double wavelength (2780/940 nm) laser irradiation. An in vitro study

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate morphology alterations, chemical composition, and topography of moderately rough dental implants following double-wavelength laser irradiation.Material and Methods: Commercial-grade titanium dental implants representing different surface characteristics (Osseospeed [OS], TiUnite [TiU], and Roxolid SLActive [RS]) were used. Laser irradiation was performed using a computer-controlled robotic device with calibrated energy/power settings and deionized water spray. Micro-, nanomorphology surface alterations, chemical composition, and surface topography (S a , S ds , S dr ) in the test group (laser plus water), control group A (water only), and control group B (no treatment) were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energydispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and white light laser profilometer (Interferometry).Results: SEM-evaluation revealed minor between-group differences in micro-and nano-morphology within each implant system. Significant overall differences in surface element content were observed between the test and control group B for all implant systems (p < .05). For the test compared with control group B, statistically significantly higher oxygen content was detected for OS and RS (p < .05), a corresponding significant difference was detected for carbon for TiU (p < .05). For RS, a significantly lower content of titanium and zirconium was detected within the test group (p < .05). A significant difference in topography between test and control group B was observed for OS (S a : p = .039 and S dr : p = .041) with the highest roughness value for control group B.Conclusions: Altered chemical composition and surface topography were observed for all implant surfaces compared with untreated control following double wavelength laser irradiation. A clinical evaluation of the impact of the altered surface composition following double wavelength laser irradiation on the ability to reosseointegrate appears warranted.

Effect of Electrocautery and Laser Treatment on the Composition and Morphology of Surface-Modified Titanium Implants

“…In the research of Scarano et al, the irradiation of the SLA disk surface with Er:YAG laser depicted similar results, leading to an increase in TiO 2 layer [33]. Additionally, the experiment of Ercan et al showed treatment with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser at settings above 2 W resulted in an increase in oxygen levels and a decrease in titanium levels due to oxidation [34,35]. The effects of the chemical composition of the disks on cell and tissue behaviors warrant comprehensive in vitro and in vivo studies.…”

Evaluation of Osteoblastic Differentiation Induced by Microtextured Titanium Surface Produced by Laser Metal Fusion 3D Printing

“…As an advantage, Ti has mechanical properties that support the functional load of mastication and, at the same time, it is biocompatible with bone tissue [6][7][8][9] . In the last years, several studies related to morphology, roughness, chemical composition, and wettability have sought to expand the range of possible applications of dental implants have been carried [10][11][12][13][14] . Despite numerous efforts to establish a correlation between the microstructure of the Ti implant, and biological responses at the cellular and molecular level, this point has not yet been fully clarified.…”