Dental Caries and Periodontitis: Contrasting Two Infections That Have Medical Implications

Loesche, Walter J.

doi:10.1016/j.idc.2007.03.006

Cited by 71 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Although no apical migration of the junctional epithelium occurs, these tissues become erythematous and bleed upon probing. Moreover, chronic gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, an irreversible periodontal infection characterized by alveolar bone loss, attachment loss, formation of periodontal pockets and eventually tooth loss (Sheiham, 1997;Loesche, 2007;Ramseier et al, 2009). Therefore, preventive measures against gingivitis, and improved tools for prognosis and early diagnosis, are of particular clinical significance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive modeling of gingivitis severity and susceptibility via oral microbiota

Huang

Li²,

Zeng³

et al. 2014

The ISME Journal

119

133

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Predictive modeling of human disease based on the microbiota holds great potential yet remains challenging. Here, 50 adults underwent controlled transitions from naturally occurring gingivitis, to healthy gingivae (baseline), and to experimental gingivitis (EG). In diseased plaque microbiota, 27 bacterial genera changed in relative abundance and functional genes including 33 flagellar biosynthesis-related groups were enriched. Plaque microbiota structure exhibited a continuous gradient along the first principal component, reflecting transition from healthy to diseased states, which correlated with Mazza Gingival Index. We identified two host types with distinct gingivitis sensitivity. Our proposed microbial indices of gingivitis classified host types with 74% reliability, and, when tested on another 41-member cohort, distinguished healthy from diseased individuals with 95% accuracy. Furthermore, the state of the microbiota in naturally occurring gingivitis predicted the microbiota state and severity of subsequent EG (but not the state of the microbiota during the healthy baseline period). Because the effect of disease is greater than interpersonal variation in plaque, in contrast to the gut, plaque microbiota may provide advantages in predictive modeling of oral diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive modeling of gingivitis severity and susceptibility via oral microbiota

Huang

Li²,

Zeng³

et al. 2014

The ISME Journal

119

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One of the most important contributing factors for the progression of these oral diseases is the biodiversity and complex nature of the dental plaque; it acts as a biological film where various bacterial species interact and may form a protective barrier against anti-microbial agents, resulting in resistance to common antibacterial agents used in clinical dentistry [2]. Among the strongly disease-associated oral bacteria are the anaerobic Gram-negative species of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Enterococcus faecalis, as well as mutans streptococci [3,4]. These bacterial species are most virulent in dental plaque community and are resistant to treatment modalities, with a number of them being difficult to cultivate when tested in invitro environment [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Bacterial Activity of Cinnamon Oil on Oral Pathogens

Abidin¹

2013

TOPROCJ

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Abstract:The study aimed to determine the in-vitro anti-bacterial effect of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume) oil on pathogenic oral bacteria. Essential oil from cinnamon tree bark was extracted using steam distillation technique and analysed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Broth microdilution test was used to determine the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of oil against major oral pathogens in caries and periodontal diseases viz. Streptococcus mutans, S. mitis, S. salivarius, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Bacterial cell membrane modification following exposure to the oil was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Through the GC/GC-MS analysis, cinnamaldehyde was identified as the major component of cinnamon oil (82.5% in relative amount). Both cinnamon oil and cinnamaldehyde showed antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria (MIC 0.21 -0.63 mg/mL and 0.8 -0.15 mg/mL respectively). Cell membrane changes were observed following 2h exposure to the oil. This finding suggests cinnamon bark oil as a potential therapeutic agent in preventing bacterial-related oral diseases.

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“…t is well established that tooth-borne bacterial biofilm (also known as dental plaque) is the cause of the two most common oral diseases, dental caries and periodontal disease (1). Essential to oral biofilm development is the initial colonization of the oral cavity by the commensal (also known as "normal") microflora.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Taking the Starch out of Oral Biofilm Formation: Molecular Basis and Functional Significance of Salivary α-Amylase Binding to Oral Streptococci

Nikitkova

Haase

Scannapieco

2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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␣-Amylase-binding streptococci (ABS) are a heterogeneous group of commensal oral bacterial species that comprise a significant proportion of dental plaque microfloras. Salivary ␣-amylase, one of the most abundant proteins in human saliva, binds to the surface of these bacteria via specific surface-exposed ␣-amylase-binding proteins. The functional significance of ␣-amylasebinding proteins in oral colonization by streptococci is important for understanding how salivary components influence oral biofilm formation by these important dental plaque species. This review summarizes the results of an extensive series of studies that have sought to define the molecular basis for ␣-amylase binding to the surface of the bacterium as well as the biological significance of this phenomenon in dental plaque biofilm formation.

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Dental Caries and Periodontitis: Contrasting Two Infections That Have Medical Implications

Cited by 71 publications

References 104 publications

Predictive modeling of gingivitis severity and susceptibility via oral microbiota

Predictive modeling of gingivitis severity and susceptibility via oral microbiota

Anti-Bacterial Activity of Cinnamon Oil on Oral Pathogens

Taking the Starch out of Oral Biofilm Formation: Molecular Basis and Functional Significance of Salivary α-Amylase Binding to Oral Streptococci

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