Density Determination of Liquid Copper and Liquid Nickel by Means of Fast Resistive Pulse Heating and Electromagnetic Levitation

Schmon, Alexander; Aziz, Kirmanj; Pottlacher, Gernot

doi:10.1007/s11661-015-2844-1

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A detailed description of the EML setup was already part of precedent publications. [11][12][13][14] In the EML experiments, small aluminum samples of high purity (99.999 at. pct) with a mass in the range of 100 to 140 mg were investigated.…”

Section: B Electromagnetic Levitation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Aluminum

Leitner

Schmon³

et al. 2017

Metall Mater Trans A

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144

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Ohmic pulse-heating with sub-microsecond time resolution is used to obtain thermophysical properties for aluminum in the liquid phase. Measurement of current through the sample, voltage drop across the sample, surface radiation, and volume expansion allow the calculation of specific heat capacity and the temperature dependencies of electrical resistivity, enthalpy, and density of the sample at melting and in the liquid phase. Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity as a function of temperature are estimated from resistivity data using the Wiedemann-Franz law. Data for liquid aluminum obtained by pulse-heating are quite rare because of the low melting temperature of aluminum with 933.47 K (660.32°C), as the fast operating pyrometers used for the pulse-heating technique with rise times of about 100 ns generally might not be able to resolve the melting plateau of aluminum because they are not sensitive enough for such low temperature ranges. To overcome this obstacle, we constructed a new, fast pyrometer sensitive in this temperature region. Electromagnetic levitation, as the second experimental approach used, delivers data for surface tension (this quantity is not available by means of the pulse-heating technique) and for density of aluminum as a function of temperature. Data obtained will be extensively compared to existing literature data.

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Section: B Electromagnetic Levitation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Aluminum

Leitner

Schmon³

et al. 2017

Metall Mater Trans A

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144

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“…[27] Solubility of Ni in Al of approximately 0.05 wt% has been reported. [28] However, the liquid density of Co is higher than that of Ni, [29,30] which could favor more intense Co segregation toward the base of the DS casting. As a result, a less homogeneous distribution of the number of particles was obtained for the Al-7%Si-0.6%Fe-0.35%Cu-0.25%Zn-0.5%Co alloy.…”

Section: Microstructures and Phase Formation In Ds Alloys Under Slow/...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of Ni and Co in Dendritic Growth and Tensile Properties of Fe‐Containing Al–Si–Cu–Zn Scraps under Slow and Fast Solidification Cooling

et al. 2021

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Studies of Fe‐contaminated Al‐based scraps have drawn attention for years. However, little has been researched about the effects of cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni) additions to contaminated scraps both under slow solidification (directional solidification, DS) and fast solidification regime (copper mold centrifugal casting, CC). As such, the current study examines a representative low‐alloy Al–Si chemistry from industrial scraps, i.e., the Al–7%Si–0.6%Fe–0.35%Cu–0.25%Zn (% by weight). This alloy is changed independently using Ni and Co. It is observed that a mixture of uneven distributed α and β Fe‐bearing particles prevails for all tested alloys and solidification conditions. The coexistence of both phases agrees with the charts proposed by Gorny's work for the range of secondary dendritic spacing, λ 2, observed. Although the Fe‐containing particles are smaller for fast‐solidified samples, they still maintain the acute morphology and, in some cases, the Chinese script shape. This results in a reduction in ductility of the order of 65% for the nonmodified and Ni‐modified samples considering mean λ 2 varying from 20 μm (DS) to 6.5 μm (CC), despite improvements in mechanical strength. Furthermore, addition of Co results in a higher number of Fe‐based particles within the microstructure. In this case, the largest particle/α‐Al interfacial area results in slightly poor ductility (~6–8%) and higher strength (175–205 MPa), with less ductility loss when DS and CC samples are compared.

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“…However, due to the feasibility of a gray-body assumption in this narrow wavelength interval, the cited emissivity can be applied to Eq. 3 as stated in (4). It is important to mention that in the given experiment, an assumption of a temperature-independent liquid-phase emissivity for temperature deduction would result in an error of more than − 400 • C at the highest temperatures measured.…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 84%

“…For recent density data of this group, please refer to [2][3][4]. For previous critical point data estimation on low-melting metals, please refer to, e.g., [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density of Liquid Tantalum and Estimation of Critical Point Data

2018

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In order to determine the density of tantalum over the entire liquid phase (at the pressure applied) and several hundred K into the super-heated region, the method of ohmic pulse-heating was applied. For this purpose, images of the thermal radial expansion of the resistively heated sample wires were taken with an adapted CCD system. A newly integrated high-power photoflash and improved triggering of the experiment allowed the acquisition of high-contrast shadow images of the expanding wires. To reduce the uncertainty arising from simultaneous pyrometric temperature measurement, the change in normal spectral emissivity as a function of temperature was additionally taken into account. In this work, the density versus temperature relationship of tantalum is reported and compared to existing literature data. From the newly obtained liquidphase density, critical point data of tantalum, such as critical temperature and critical density, were estimated via an extrapolation procedure. Furthermore, an estimate of the phase diagram in the density versus temperature plane is given. The work is concluded by a rigorous density uncertainty estimation according to the guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM).

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Density Determination of Liquid Copper and Liquid Nickel by Means of Fast Resistive Pulse Heating and Electromagnetic Levitation

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Aluminum

Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Aluminum

The Roles of Ni and Co in Dendritic Growth and Tensile Properties of Fe‐Containing Al–Si–Cu–Zn Scraps under Slow and Fast Solidification Cooling

Density of Liquid Tantalum and Estimation of Critical Point Data

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