Densitometric Analysis of Body Composition: Revision of Some Quantitative Assumptions*

Brožek, Josef; Grande, Francisco; Anderson, Joseph T.; Keys, Ancel

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1963.tb17079.x

Cited by 1,921 publications

(561 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

513

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Secondly, there may be insulin-induced changes in nonosseous mineral, which influence FFM estimates, but were not theoretically detectable using this 4-CM in which a constant ratio of osseous to non-osseous mineral is assumed [13]. Originally based on cadaver dissection and chemical analysis [25], this assumption cannot be easily addressed with currently available in vivo technology. However, 4-CM estimates are robust to changes in this ratio [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of a reference four-component model to define the effects of insulin treatment on body composition in type 2 diabetes: the ?Darwin study?

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims: To define the effects of insulin treatment on body composition and fat distribution, and investigate the potential role of body weight (BWt) gain predictors in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. , with the FFM increase due solely to total body water [TBW; +2.4 (1.5) l], as there were no detectable changes in total body protein or bone mineral, thereby increasing FFM hydration by 1.3%. More body fat was deposited centrally in patients receiving insulin alone than those receiving insulin with an oral hypoglycaemic agent (metformin). Daily insulin dose, HbA 1 c and hip circumference were independent predictors of BWt gain. Conclusions: Insulin treatment increased fat and FFM similarly in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes patients, with the FFM gain due entirely to TBW. The possible role of metformin in reducing central fat accumulation following insulin treatment warrants further investigation into its mechanism and potential long-term benefits.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of a reference four-component model to define the effects of insulin treatment on body composition in type 2 diabetes: the ?Darwin study?

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Total body mineral (density ¼ 3.0375 g/cm 3 ) is acquired by BMC multiplied with 1.2741 (Brozek et al, 1963). The densities of water, protein and fat are assumed to be 0.99371, 1.34 and 0.9007 g/cm 3 , respectively.…”

Section: Deuterium Oxide Dilutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of methods used in body composition analysis on the prediction of resting energy expenditure

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: There are considerable differences in published prediction algorithms for resting energy expenditure (REE) based on fat-free mass (FFM). The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of the methodology of body composition analysis on the prediction of REE from FFM. Design: In a cross-sectional design measurements of REE and body composition were performed. . In a normal range of FFM, REE predicted from FFM by different methods showed only small differences. The variance in REE explained by FFM varied from 69% (FFM BIA ) to 75% (FFM DXA ) and was only 46% for body weight. Conclusion: Differences in slopes and intercepts of the regression lines between REE and FFM depended on the methods used for body composition analysis. However, the differences in prediction of REE are small and do not explain the large differences in the results obtained from published FFM-based REE prediction equations and therefore imply a population-and/or investigator specificity of algorithms for REE prediction.

show abstract

“…Whole-body density for the Japanese was estimated by the sum of skinfold thicknesses at two points (32). Density was applied to Brozek's equation for calculating percent (%) body fat (33).…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of β3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism on body weight change in middle-aged, overweight women

Lee

Kawakubo

Inoue

et al. 2006

Environ Health Prev Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: To examine the effects of β 3 -adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism on body weight change during a weight reduction program for middle-aged, overweight women with careful consideration of their energy intake and expenditure.Methods: Design: Intervention study of weight reduction for 12 weeks in a community setting. Subjects: Eighty overweight middle-aged women who completed the individualized lifestyle modification program. Measurements: β 3 -adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism was identified by polymerase chain reaction and consecutive restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis. Anthropometrical parameters, lifestyle factors, blood lipid and glucose levels, physical activity level and energy intake were measured before and at the end of the program.Results: The numbers of subjects with the Trp64Trp, Trp64Arg, and Arg64Arg genotypes were 45, 30 and 5, respectively. Baseline characteristics among subjects with the Trp64Trp, Trp64Arg and Arg64Arg alleles did not differ. After 12 weeks, the subjects with the 64Arg allele had significantly smaller decrease in body weight and energy intake than those without the 64Arg allele. The change of other clinical characteristics did not differ between the two groups. After adjusting for the %change of energy intake, the %change of body weight did not differ between the two groups.Conclusion: The 64Arg allele of the β 3 -AR gene is not likely to be the factor determining the difficulty in losing body weight in Japanese middle-aged, overweight women. Lifestyle factors, such as the decrease in energy intake, might mask the effect of the 64Arg allele on body weight loss. Specific considerations for the management of energy intake would be needed to promote body weight loss for those with the 64Arg allele.

show abstract

Densitometric Analysis of Body Composition: Revision of Some Quantitative Assumptions*

Cited by 1,921 publications

References 19 publications

Use of a reference four-component model to define the effects of insulin treatment on body composition in type 2 diabetes: the ?Darwin study?

Use of a reference four-component model to define the effects of insulin treatment on body composition in type 2 diabetes: the ?Darwin study?

Influence of methods used in body composition analysis on the prediction of resting energy expenditure

Effect of β3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism on body weight change in middle-aged, overweight women

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About