Densification Characteristics of Corn Stover and Switchgrass

Kaliyan, Nalladurai; Morey, R. Vance

doi:10.13031/2013.27380

Cited by 129 publications

(146 citation statements)

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“…Corn stover and switchgrass are the two most widely explored lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks for commercial production of advanced biofuels [25][26][27][28]. Switchgrass is recognized as a desirable energy crop due to high productivity, low agricultural inputs for harvest, and protection of the environment [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triacylglycerol Production from Corn Stover Using a Xylose-Fermenting Rhodococcus opacus Strain for Lignocellulosic Biofuels

Kurosawa

Wewetzer²,

Sinskey³

2014

Microb Biochem Technol

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Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are in the spotlight as a feasible source of hydrocarbon-based biofuels. Rhodococcus opacus PD630 produces large amounts of intracellular TAGs in cultivations containing high concentrations of glucose, but it does not utilize xylose present in all hydrolysates of lignocellulosic biomass. We constructed a highpotency xylose-fermenting R. opacus strain MITXM-61 that exhibited robust growth and TAG biosynthesis on high concentrations of xylose by activating potential xylose-metabolism genes. MITXM-61 had the uncommon capacity to grow in defined media supplemented with xylose at concentrations of greater than 200 gl -1 . MITXM-61 grown in corn stover hydrolysates containing 118 gl -1 of initial total sugars was capable of completely and simultaneously utilizing both xylose and glucose in the genuine lignocellulosic feedstock, and yielded 15.9 gl -1 of TAGs, corresponding to 54% of the cell dry weight. The oleaginous bacterium R. opacus strain proved useful for developing a new manufacturing paradigm to generate advanced lignocellulosic biofuels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triacylglycerol Production from Corn Stover Using a Xylose-Fermenting Rhodococcus opacus Strain for Lignocellulosic Biofuels

Kurosawa

Wewetzer²,

Sinskey³

2014

Microb Biochem Technol

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“…Densification increases the bulk density of biomass from a density of 40-200 kg/m 3 to a density of 600-800 kg/m 3 [2][3][4][5][6]. Due to uniform sizes and shapes of densified biomass, the material can be easily handled with standard machines or equipment which makes the process more efficient [3,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Consumption of Herbaceous Biomass Bulk Densification

Wang¹,

Liu²

2017

Innov Ener Res

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In order to use biomass as an energy source, the challenge is that the original form of biomass material cost too much for handling and transporting. Densification is needed for cost effective handling, transportation, and storing. This study focuses on investigating the mechanical properties of energy crops during bulk densification. Switchgrass, corn stover, and Miscanthus samples were collected from fields and used in this study. The effects of chamber size, particle size/cut length, arrangement/orientation method, and harvesting time on specific energy of compressing bulk biomass crops were studied. Results indicated that larger compression chamber had significant lower specific energy consumption over the same volume reduction level. The particle length and particle orientation were also considered in this study. Results demonstrated that the parallel arrangement needed less compression energy; and the biomass with shorter particle sizes had higher energy consumption than those longer ones. Energy consumptions of the biomass harvested in different seasons were not significantly different for Switchgrass but found to be significant for corn stover.

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“…The timing of measurement in addition to cooling and drying conditions was identified to impact durability and strength which can be distinguished as the "green" strength (immediately after production) and the cured strength (a week later) of pellets [11]. Kaliyan and Morey [12] pointed out the role of temperature on the mean expansion in volume of densified biomass where corn stover and switchgrass from 3mm screen size with a moisture content of 8.7% expanded 12.2% and 15.6% respectively at 25 o C, while their expansion was a mere 0.3% and 1.2% at 75 o C. Their durability values of 96.8% and 62.9% were also the highest, which shows the effect of temperature on the mean expansion in volume. Pelleting of biomass is usually carried out by open die compaction in which the finished product is extruded from the die.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rheological models are developed such that the model behaves qualitatively, to some degree of approximation, in a manner similar to that of the actual material. The rheological behaviours expressed are a function of stress, strain, and time which can be used to predict the mechanical behaviour of the material under various loading conditions [12]. There are a number of rheological models that could be found in the literature such as the Drucker-Prager-Cap model [17], the Cam-Clay model [18], and the DiMaggio-Sandler model [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These were originally developed for application in soil mechanics and geotechniques. These models have been adapted to model the compaction of metal powders [20], ceramic powders [21], and pharmaceutical powders [22][23][24][25], in biomass industry for corn stover and switchgrass by Kaliyan and Morey [12] and numerous other models involving other powder compaction industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling and Characterization of Reed Canary Grass Pellet Formation Phenomenon

Dhamodaran

Afzal

2013

IJRSE

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Abstract:The behaviour of pelletized reed canary grass (RCG) with selected feedstock and process parameters was studied for variation in springback characteristics based on axial changes after the compaction process. Experiments were carried out using a uniaxial single piston cylinder assembly with a proportional integral derivative temperature controller which was built in house for research purposes. A Multiple linear regression analysis based on moisture, temperature, pressure, hold time and their interaction terms was carried out to predict the length of pellets under compression in the die and excellent correlation were obtained. A finite difference method with over relaxation technique was successfully adopted to analyse the pressure and density distributions of biomass under compressive load. The compact geometry and friction between particles and die wall had effects on the pressure and density distributions in the compacted biomass. RCG pellets with lowest expansion were subjected to axial and diametrical compression tests. Bonding and failure analysis were carried out using scanning electron microscope which showed uneven breakage and interparticle voids.

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Densification Characteristics of Corn Stover and Switchgrass

Cited by 129 publications

References 0 publications

Triacylglycerol Production from Corn Stover Using a Xylose-Fermenting Rhodococcus opacus Strain for Lignocellulosic Biofuels

Triacylglycerol Production from Corn Stover Using a Xylose-Fermenting Rhodococcus opacus Strain for Lignocellulosic Biofuels

Energy Consumption of Herbaceous Biomass Bulk Densification

Modeling and Characterization of Reed Canary Grass Pellet Formation Phenomenon

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