Denitrification in a Homogeneous, Closed System

Leffelaar, P.A.; Wessel, Wim W.

doi:10.1097/00010694-198811000-00006

Cited by 85 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…EXPERIMENT 1 Peat soil from a grassland plot with relatively high groundwater Leffelaar and Wessel, 1988, was followed, with some minor modifications (i.e. (a) we used 30 g of field wet soil in each petri-dish and (b) we flushed at the start of the incubation with either an 80 % neon (Ne) I 20 % oxygen (0 2 ) mixture (aerobic initial conditions) or 100% Ne (anaerobic initial conditions)).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous Oxide Production and Consumption in Peat Soils

Langeveld¹,

Hofman²

1994

Non-Co2 Greenhouse Gases: Why and How to Control?

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Abstract. Nitrous oxide can be produced in soils by biological or chemical processes in which nitrogen compounds are transformed. The occurrence and course of these processes are affected by different factors, e.g. temperature, pH, aeration of the soil, availability of organic substances and availability of inorganic nitrogen (e.g. nitrate and ammonium). How these factors affect nitrogen transformations was investigated in laboratory experiments. In these experiments biological denitrification was probably responsible for observed flushes of net nitrous oxide production. The observed effects of the above-mentioned factors qualitatively confirmed the results described by various authors for soils other than peat. A denitrification simulation model to explain the results is briefly discussed. This model was developed to describe the underlying biological processes. Suggestions are given on how to develop a field scale model to explain nitrous oxide emissions from pastures.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous Oxide Production and Consumption in Peat Soils

Langeveld¹,

Hofman²

1994

Non-Co2 Greenhouse Gases: Why and How to Control?

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“…Many of these assumptions have been described elsewhere: the respiration and denitrification model by Leffelaar and Wessel ( 1988 ); the water flow model by Dane and Wierenga ( 197 5); the solute transport model by Bolt ( 1979); and the gas transport model by Leffelaar ( 1987Leffelaar ( , 1988. Therefore, these models and their assumptions are merely summarized below.…”

Section: Simulation Model Comprising Submodels For Respiration Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The procedure followed to assess the simulation model was similar to the one proposed by Leffelaar and Wessel ( 1988 ): data not measured during the present study were gathered from different authors, and then it was investigated whether it was possible to simulate the overall picture of the experiment by modifying some of the gathered data within reasonable limits.…”

Section: Mode! Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water movement, oxygen supply and biological processes on the aggregate scale

Leffelaar

1993

Soil Structure/Soil Biota Interrelationships

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“…The oxidation-reduction status of the environment determines whether the oxidation of ammonium to nitrate (nitrification) or the reduction of NO 3 -to gaseous forms, such as N 2 or N 2 O (denitrification) will occur. Even though the denitrification process has been extensively investigated (Kohl et al 1976;Betlach and Tiedje 1981;Cho 1982;Leffelaar and Wessel 1988;Dendooven et al 1994), the mechanisms and kinetic expressions for denitrification are not fully understood. Cho and Mills (1979) proposed a competitive kinetic expression for denitrification based on steady state Michaelis-Menten kinetics.…”

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confidence: 99%

Kinetic formulation of oxygen consumption and denitrification processes in soil

Cho¹,

Burton²,

Chang³

1997

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 1997. Kinetic formulation of oxygen consumption and denitrification processes in soil. Can. J. Soil Sci. 77: 253-260. A kinetic expression for oxygen, nitrate, nitrite and nitrous oxide reduction in soil was developed. The formulation was based on competitive Michaelis-Menten kinetics for a steady microbial population whose respiratory activity was assumed to be constant so that the number of electrons produced per unit of time was constant. Competition among the electron acceptors was characterized by their affinity toward the electron and by their concentration. Several different values for the affinity coefficients were used to simulate the concentration of O 2 , NO 3 -, NO 2 -, N 2 O and N 2 at various times. When relative magnitudes of affinity coefficients were chosen to be 100 000, 1, 100 and 0.1, for O 2 , NO 3 -, NO 2 -and N 2 O, respectively, the temporal plot of concentration showed that the disappearance of O 2 and NO 3 -was zero order. The accumulation of NO 2 -was very small and it was rapidly reduced to N 2 O. The production rate of N 2 O was nearly zero order but the magnitude of the rate was rather small as opposed to the rate of disappearance of NO 3 -. The reduction of N 2 O to N 2 took place only after NO 3 -had almost disappeared. With these competition parameters NO 3 -was stable in the presence of O 2 . The reduction of N 2 O was also very much retarded in the presence of NO 3 -. NO 2 -was relatively unstable, even in the presence of O 2 , and it was further reduced to N 2 O. With the relative magnitude of the chosen affinity coefficients, the kinetic formulation effectively simulated the "inhibitory" effect of O 2 upon the denitrification process, and the "inhibitory" effect of NO 3 -and NO 2 -upon the reduction of N 2 O to N 2 . Nitrogen has oxidation states ranging from -3 to +5. The most reduced form, ammonium, is stable under reduced conditions and the oxidized form, nitrate, is stable under oxidized conditions. The oxidation-reduction status of the environment determines whether the oxidation of ammonium to nitrate (nitrification) or the reduction of NO 3 -to gaseous forms, such as N 2 or N 2 O (denitrification) will occur. Even though the denitrification process has been extensively investigated (Kohl et al. 1976;Betlach and Tiedje 1981;Cho 1982;Leffelaar and Wessel 1988;Dendooven et al. 1994), the mechanisms and kinetic expressions for denitrification are not fully understood. Cho and Mills (1979) proposed a competitive kinetic expression for denitrification based on steady state Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Their expression was based on a constant denitrification intensity, defined to be the sum of production rates of NO 2 -, N 2 O and N 2 from their immediate precursors. The model of Cho and Mills (1979) explains several important observations made by many workers (Blackmer and Bremner 1978;Cho and Sakdinan 1978;Gaskell et al. 1981). These include i) the apparent inhibition of N 2 O reduction by high concentrations of NO 3 -and NO 2 -, ii) the lag in the reduction of N 2 O prior ...

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Denitrification in a Homogeneous, Closed System

Cited by 85 publications

References 47 publications

Nitrous Oxide Production and Consumption in Peat Soils

Nitrous Oxide Production and Consumption in Peat Soils

Water movement, oxygen supply and biological processes on the aggregate scale

Kinetic formulation of oxygen consumption and denitrification processes in soil

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