“…Previous study also reported that the existence of organic matter (e.g., humic and fulvic-like fractions) may inhibit formation of NO 3 − by nitrifying bacteria [22]. This result suggests that high population of nitrifying bacteria probably present at young landfill than that at old landfill due to the existence of niche environment at young landfill that promote growth rate of nitrification bacteria (e.g., pH, organic matter and soil properties) [4,5,23,24]. Figure 1 also shows the pH of leachate at Ayer Hitam landfill and Jeram landfill were at pH 8 and 7, respectively.…”