Dendritic Cells Infiltrating Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Are Blocked at Immature Stage

Abstract

Rapidly progressive dementia mimicking Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a relatively rare presentation but a rewarding one to become familiar with, as the potential diagnoses range from the universally fatal to the completely reversible. Patients require urgent decisions about assessment and investigation and have quickly evolving needs for treatments and support, through symptom management and end-of-life care in most cases. We have based this pragmatic review on the experiences of a specialist prion referral centre in the UK, which, unsurprisingly, is strongly biased towards seeing patients with CJD.

Dendritic Cells (DC) Facilitate Detachment of Squamous Carcinoma Cells (SCC), While SCC Promote an Immature CD16+ DC Phenotype and Control DC Migration

“…This is important, because relative to HPV-negative HNSCC, HPV + carcinomas associate with better prognosis [40,41], and we found that CD1a + DC infiltrate HPV + HNSCC in large numbers (manuscript in preparation). More recent studies revealed that tumor infiltrating DC contribute to immune escape due to their immature phenotype and low density of co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 [42,43]. Phagocytosis of tumor cells is known to contribute to a CCR7 + immature DC phenotype, and in our study, migrating DC showed evidence of phagocytosis of cytokeratin-positive cells (data not shown).…”

Dendritic cell-mediated survival signals in Eμ-Myc B-cell lymphoma depend on the transcription factor C/EBPβ

“…There is ample evidence that the function of DC subsets in spontaneous or transplanted tumours is dependent on maturation and activation status of DCs 4,35,36 . In Em-Myc transgenic mice that exhibit a large tumour mass, a decrease in the activating costimulatory molecule CD40, loss of MHC class II, and an increase in CD80 and PD-L1 was observed.…”

Depletion of CD4+CD25high regulatory T cells from tumor infiltrating lymphocytes predominantly induces Th1 type immune response in vivo which inhibits tumor growth in adoptive immunotherapy

“…Some of the subsets such as Treg participate in tumor-induced immune suppression. 25,26 Researchers proposed that adoptive cell transfer of TILs containing Tregs would greatly impair anti-tumor efficacy. 19 Therefore, Treg depletion from TILs should eliminate the negative regulation and optimize the effects of adoptive immunotherapy, especially in advanced tumor stage.…”