Dendritic Cell Vaccines for Brain Tumors

Kim, Won; Liau, Linda M.

doi:10.1016/j.nec.2009.09.005

Cited by 43 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…We predict that gal-1 suppression; either alone, or in combination with other immunotherapeutic strategies (i.e. dendritic cell vaccination (44, 45) and/or gene therapy (46–49) will provide dramatic clinical improvements in patients suffering from malignant brain tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Killer Cells Eradicate Galectin-1–Deficient Glioma in the Absence of Adaptive Immunity

et al. 2014

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Natural killer (NK) cells safeguard against early tumor formation by destroying transformed target cells in a process referred to as NK immune surveillance. However, the immune escape mechanisms used by malignant brain tumors to subvert this innate type of immune surveillance remain unclear. Here we show that malignant glioma cells suppress NK immune surveillance by overexpressing the β-galactoside-binding lectin galectin-1. Conversely, galectin-1 deficient glioma cells could be eradicated by host NK cells prior to the initiation of an anti-tumor T-cell response. In vitro experiments demonstrated that galectin-1 deficient GL26-Cit glioma cells are ~3-fold more sensitive to NK-mediated tumor lysis that galectin-1 expressing cells. Our findings suggest that galectin-1 suppression in human glioma could improve patient survival by restoring NK immune surveillance that can eradicate glioma cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Killer Cells Eradicate Galectin-1–Deficient Glioma in the Absence of Adaptive Immunity

et al. 2014

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“…Instead of injecting a peptide that is presented to an APC, immunotherapy strategies for cancer have used autologous dendritic cells sourced from peripheral blood monocytes primed with tumor associated antigens [95]. Immature DCs can uptake and process antigens, and in the presence of inflammatory signals, immature DCs mature, thus becoming capable of proper antigen presentation for T-cell recognition in a MHC-restrictive manner [96]. These mature DCs are then reinjected into the patient where they home to a secondary lymph node in order to activate T-cells.…”

Section: Current Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, many different formulations of DC vaccines have already entered clinical trials for use in brain tumors [96,97]. For example, ICT-107 is an autologous DC vaccine pulsed with six tumor-associated antigens that was evaluated for use with recurrent glioblastoma.…”

Section: Current Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering challenges for brain tumor immunotherapy

Lyon

Mokarram

Saxena

et al. 2017

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

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Malignant brain tumors represent one of the most devastating forms of cancer with abject survival rates that have not changed in the past 60 years. This is partly because the brain is a critical organ, and poses unique anatomical, physiological, and immunological barriers. The unique interplay of these barriers also provides an opportunity for creative engineering solutions. Cancer immunotherapy, a means of harnessing the host immune system for anti-tumor efficacy, is becoming a standard approach for treating many cancers. However, its use in brain tumors is not widespread. This review discusses the current approaches, and hurdles to these approaches in treating brain tumors, with a focus on immunotherapies. We identify critical barriers to immunoengineering brain tumor therapies and discuss possible solutions to these challenges.

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“…MAGE antigens, already successfully targeted in other tumor types [81,82], are a promising targets for immunotherapy in patients with medulloblastoma. Other possible immunotherapeutic approaches are vaccinations against EGFRvIII in combination with GM-CSF, which have already been tested in other brain tumors [83], and intrathecal infusion of lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells. This last therapeutic strategy was tested on 8 patients with the achievement of complete responses in 3 patients for up to 20 months [84].…”

Section: Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%