New perspectives in the treatment of adult medulloblastoma in the era of molecular oncology

Brandes, Alba Ariela; Bartolotti, Marco; Marucci, Gianluca; Ghimenton, Claudio; Agati, R.; Fioravanti, Antonio; Mascarin, Maurizio; Volpin, Lorenzo; Ammannati, Franco; Masotto, Barbara; Gardiman, Marina Paola; Biase, Dario de; Tallini, Giovanni; Crisi, Girolamo; Bartolini, Stefania; Franceschi, Enrico

doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2014.12.016

Cited by 45 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…Medulloblastoma is much less common in adults, accounting for less than 1% -3% of primary CNS tumors [24,113,114]. The annual incidence of medulloblastoma is 1-1.5 cases per million in the general adult population and 80% occur before the end of the fourth decade [24,[113][114][115]. Treatment protocols are limited for adults and they are treated by heterogeneous ways using various chemo-radiotherapy regimens with surgery with post-operative CSI being the mainstay of treatment [115].…”

Section: Medulloblastoma In Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medulloblastoma

Rahman¹

2018

Brain Tumors - An Update

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Among the pediatric brain tumors, medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common solid variety and entirely occur in the posterior fossa with tendency to seed into CSF spaces. Despite innovations in technological developments and understanding of tumor biology, modern imaging facilities, advances in surgical practices, and newer chemotherapeutic and radiation techniques, this malignant type of tumor continues to be a formidable entity. Even though, the outcome in terms of survival rate is better than any time before, the overall result is still disappointing. With advances in management strategy, chances of survival with good quality of life have been amplified, where newer targeted therapies and rehabilitation plays an immense role. While the adverse effects of surgery and adjuvant therapies are still on play, researchers are trying ceaselessly to minimize those to give maximum wellbeing to these unfortunate children.

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Section: Medulloblastoma In Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medulloblastoma

Rahman¹

2018

Brain Tumors - An Update

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“…This tumor accounts for 40% of those arising from the posterior fossa [4]. Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumor of childhood, comprising 15-30% of pediatric CNS tumors and 1-3% of adult CNS tumors [5]. Medulloblastomas can affect any age group, although the majority (85%) occurs in childhood, and of those half occur between the ages of 4-9 [6].…”

Section: Origin and Epidemiology Of Medulloblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wnt-type medulloblastoma is characterized by enhanced Wnt-β-catenin pathway activation [5] and tends to show classic histology rather than the poorer prognoses anaplastic or large cell type histology [6]. Among the medulloblastoma molecular subgroups, Wnt medulloblastoma is the least common, occurring in 10-15% of medulloblastomas [27].…”

Section: Wnt Pathway Medulloblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medulloblastoma: Clinical Challenges and Emerging Molecular Discoveries

Trieu¹,

Huang²,

Yang³

2016

Neurooncology - Newer Developments

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Medulloblastoma is the most common type of malignant brain tumor in children, responsible for 25% of pediatric brain cancers. Conventional treatment methods, which include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, have improved overall survival rates for patients with medulloblastoma to over 50%. A majority of survivors, however, suffer serious long-term side effects, including developmental, neurological, and psychosocial deficits. Now entering clinical trials for sonic hedgehog-driven medulloblastomas, Smoothened inhibitors have been FDA approved for the treatment of basal cell carcinomas. However, treatment efficacy endures only for a few months before lesion relapses and drug resistance occurs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new therapies to reduce the significant problems associated with current drug-resistant treatments. In this chapter, we will illustrate the clinical presentation and current treatment methods for medulloblastoma and detail the molecular pathways within each of the four molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma, with an eye for possible candidates for novel combination therapies.

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“…Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common type of brain cancer afflicting children, is an embryonal solid tumor that usually arises in the cerebellum and spreads through the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), leading to metastasis (Brandes et al 2015;Roussel et al 2011). The use of next-generation sequencing and other advanced molecular biology approaches has recently revolutionized our understanding of MB biology, leading to the current consensus that MB represents a heterogeneous group of tumors that can be divided into four distinct molecular subgroups -WNT, SHH, Group 3 and Group 4 (Taylor et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BDNF/TrkB Signaling as a Potential Novel Target in Pediatric Brain Tumors: Anticancer Activity of Selective TrkB Inhibition in Medulloblastoma Cells

et al. 2015

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Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. Deregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) signaling has been associated with increased proliferative capabilities, invasiveness, and chemoresistance in several types of cancer. However, the relevance of this pathway in MB remains unknown. Here, we show that the selective TrkB inhibitor N-[2-[[(hexahydro-2-oxo-1H-azepin-3-yl)amino]carbonyl]phenyl]-benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamide (ANA-12) markedly reduced the viability and survival of human cell lines representative of different MB molecular subgroups. These findings provide the first evidence supporting further investigation of TrkB inhibition as a potential novel strategy for MB treatment.

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New perspectives in the treatment of adult medulloblastoma in the era of molecular oncology

Cited by 45 publications

References 83 publications

Medulloblastoma

Medulloblastoma

Medulloblastoma: Clinical Challenges and Emerging Molecular Discoveries

BDNF/TrkB Signaling as a Potential Novel Target in Pediatric Brain Tumors: Anticancer Activity of Selective TrkB Inhibition in Medulloblastoma Cells

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