Demonstration of fault-tolerant universal quantum gate operations

Postler, Lukas; Heußen, Sascha; Pogorelov, Ivan; Rispler, Manuel; Feldker, T.; Meth, M.; Marciniak, Christian D.; Stricker, Roman; Ringbauer, Martin; Blatt, R.; Schindler, Philipp; Müller, Markus; Monz, Thomas

doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04721-1

Cited by 131 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…T RAPPED ions are a leading platform for quantum information science and technology as well as quantum computing [1]. This platform exhibits high fidelity quantum gates [2,3,4,5,6], wider connectivity between qubits [7,8], and potential for realizing fault-tolerant quantum computation [9,10,11]. As the number of qubits and gates grow, the precise control of the system becomes more complex and it is critical to take a stable and engineered approach [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Turnkey Laser System for a Yb/Ba Trapped-Ion Quantum Computer

Chen

Kim

Kuzyk

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Quantum Eng.

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This work presents a stable and reliable turnkey continuous-wave laser system for a Yb/Ba multi-species trapped-ion quantum computer. The compact and rack-mountable optics system exhibits high robustness, operating over a year without realignment, regardless of temperature changes in the laboratory. The overall optical system is divided into a few isolated modules interconnected by optical fibers for easy maintenance. The light sources are frequency-stabilized by comparing their frequency with two complementary references, a commercial Fizeau wavelength meter and a high-finesse optical cavity. This scheme enables automatic frequency-stabilization for days with a sub-MHz precision.INDEX TERMS Laser stability, optical design, quantum computing, trapped ions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Turnkey Laser System for a Yb/Ba Trapped-Ion Quantum Computer

Chen

Kim

Kuzyk

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Quantum Eng.

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“…If the logical qubit operations are implemented in a fault-tolerant manner that prevents the proliferation of correlated errors, the logical error rate can be suppressed arbitrarily so long as the error probability during each operation is below a threshold 5,6 . Fault-tolerant protocols for error correction and logical qubit manipulation have recently been experimentally demonstrated in several platforms [7][8][9][10] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Erasure conversion for fault-tolerant quantum computing in alkaline earth Rydberg atom arrays

Kolkowitz

Puri

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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Executing quantum algorithms on error-corrected logical qubits is a critical step for scalable quantum computing, but the requisite numbers of qubits and physical error rates are demanding for current experimental hardware. Recently, the development of error correcting codes tailored to particular physical noise models has helped relax these requirements. In this work, we propose a qubit encoding and gate protocol for 171Yb neutral atom qubits that converts the dominant physical errors into erasures, that is, errors in known locations. The key idea is to encode qubits in a metastable electronic level, such that gate errors predominantly result in transitions to disjoint subspaces whose populations can be continuously monitored via fluorescence. We estimate that 98% of errors can be converted into erasures. We quantify the benefit of this approach via circuit-level simulations of the surface code, finding a threshold increase from 0.937% to 4.15%. We also observe a larger code distance near the threshold, leading to a faster decrease in the logical error rate for the same number of physical qubits, which is important for near-term implementations. Erasure conversion should benefit any error correcting code, and may also be applied to design new gates and encodings in other qubit platforms.

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“…The second is the fact that the quantum volume does not explicitly take into account quantum error correction, a feature that will be necessary for this technology to mature beyond the NISQ era that exists today. This is especially important in light of the rapid progress towards implementing error correction below the fault-tolerant threshold [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Volumetric Metric for Quantum Computers via more Representative Quantum Circuit Shapes

Miller¹,

Broomfield²,

Cox³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In this work, we propose a generalization of the current most widely used quantum computing hardware metric known as the quantum volume [1, 2]. The quantum volume specifies a family of random test circuits defined such that the logical circuit depth is equal to the total number of qubits used in the computation. However, such square circuit shapes do not directly relate to many specific applications for which one may wish to use a quantum computer. Based on surveying available resource estimates for known quantum algorithms, we generalize the quantum volume to a handful of representative circuit shapes, which we call Quantum Volumetric Classes, based on the scaling behavior of the logical circuit depth (time) with the problem size (qubit number).As a technology, quantum computing is in its infancy but developing rapidly. In the near term, noisy and intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) systems may become useful for specific niche applications [3]. In the long term, with the development of fault-tolerant (FT) systems, this technology is expected be extremely disruptive and transformative. Clear metrics to evaluate this technology are

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Demonstration of fault-tolerant universal quantum gate operations

Cited by 131 publications

References 38 publications

Stable Turnkey Laser System for a Yb/Ba Trapped-Ion Quantum Computer

Stable Turnkey Laser System for a Yb/Ba Trapped-Ion Quantum Computer

Erasure conversion for fault-tolerant quantum computing in alkaline earth Rydberg atom arrays

An Improved Volumetric Metric for Quantum Computers via more Representative Quantum Circuit Shapes

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