Demonstration of Displacement Sensing of a mg-Scale Pendulum for mm- and mg-Scale Gravity Measurements

Matsumoto, Nobuyuki; Cataño-Lopez, S. B.; Sugawara, M.; Suzuki, Seiya; Abe, Nobuhiro; Komori, K.; Michimura, Yuta; Aso, Y.; Edamatsu, Keiichi

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.122.071101

Cited by 61 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Cavity optomechanics [1], exploring the interaction between light and mechanical systems, has made a profound impact in recent years due to its wide variety of applications including optomechanical sensors. Optomechanical sensors have achieved ultrasensitive performance in gravitational wave detection [2,3], high-precision measurements [4], detection for mass [5], acceleration [6], displacement [7], and force [8][9][10][11]. For practical applications, the optomechanical system is unavoidably coupled with its surroundings, leading to a non-Hermitian optomechanical system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting deformed commutators with exceptional points in optomechanical sensors

Cui

2021

New J. Phys.

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Models of quantum gravity imply a modification of the canonical position-momentum commutation relations. In this manuscript, working with a binary mechanical system, we examine the effect of quantum gravity on the exceptional points of the system. On the one side, we find that the exceedingly weak effect of quantum gravity can be sensed via pushing the system towards a second-order exceptional point, where the spectra of the non-Hermitian system exhibits non-analytic and even discontinuous behavior. On the other side, the gravity perturbation will affect the sensitivity of the system to deposition mass. In order to further enhance the sensitivity of the system to quantum gravity, we extend the system to the other one which has a third-order exceptional point. Our work provides a feasible way to use exceptional points as a new tool to explore the effect of quantum gravity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting deformed commutators with exceptional points in optomechanical sensors

Cui

2021

New J. Phys.

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“…On the experimental side, the situation is equally bleak. Quantum gravity, if such an entity exists, plays a role at the respective Planck length, time, or energy scales of approximately 10 −35 m, 10 −44 s, and 10 19 GeV. Direct experimental access to these extraordinary scales is not possible in the foreseeable future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A benchmark would be to prepare a quantum state in an oscillator whose mass exceeds the mass equivalent of about 20 μg of the Planck energy, which represents a plausible crossover above which quantum states have been hypothesized to decohere [14,15]. Experimental preparations have been going on to cool oscillators with these heavy effective masses towards the motional ground state [16][17][18][19][20][21]. Microwave cavity optomechanics [22] offers another possibility as a side product from the more complex scheme we discuss below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational Forces Between Nonclassical Mechanical Oscillators

et al. 2021

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Interfacing quantum mechanics and gravity is one of the great open questions in natural science. Micromechanical oscillators have been suggested as a plausible platform to carry out these experiments. We present an experimental design aiming at these goals, inspired by Schmöle et al. [Class. Quantum Grav. 33, 125031 (2016)]. Gold spheres weighing of the order of a milligram will be positioned on large silicon nitride membranes, which are spaced at submillimeter distances from each other. These massloaded membranes are mechanical oscillators that vibrate at about 2 kHz frequencies in a drum mode. They are operated and measured by coupling to microwave cavities. First, we show that it is possible to measure the gravitational force between the oscillators at deep cryogenic temperatures, where thermal mechanical noise is strongly suppressed. We investigate the measurement of gravity when the positions of the gravitating masses exhibit significant quantum fluctuations, including preparation of the massive oscillators in the ground state, or in a squeezed state. We also present a plausible scheme to realize an experiment where the two oscillators are prepared in a two-mode squeezed motional quantum state that exhibits nonlocal quantum correlations and gravity at the same time. Although the gravity is classical, the experiment will pave the way for testing true quantum gravity in related experimental arrangements. In a proof-of-principle experiment, we operate a 1.7 mm diameter Si 3 N 4 membrane loaded by a 1.3 mg gold sphere. At a temperature of 10 mK, we observe the drum mode with a quality factor above half a million at 1.7 kHz, showing strong promise for the experiments. Following implementation of vibration isolation, cryogenic positioning, and phase noise filtering, we foresee that realizing the experiments is in reach by combining known pieces of current technology.

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“…Cavity optomechanics (COM) systems [1,2] (as a milestone [3] in optics history), which investigates the interaction of electromagnetic fields and micromechanical motion, have witnessed significant progress over the past decade both in fundamental studies and practical applications including ground state cooling [4][5][6][7][8], mass sensing [9,10], high-precision measurements [11][12][13][14][15][16][17], and quantum information processing [18][19][20][21]. The mechanical motions in COM systems, due to the radiation pressure forces, are tunable by optomechanical interactions, which in turn influence the optical medes resulting in prominent quantum interference effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Four-Wave Mixing and Double Second-Order Optomechanically Induced Transparency Sideband in a Hybrid Optomechanical System

Chen

2021

Photonics

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We theoretically research the four-wave mixing (FWM) and second-order sideband generation (SSG) in a hybrid optomechanical system under the condition of pump on-resonance and pump off-resonance, where an optomechanical resonator is coupled to another nanomechanical resonator (NR) via Coulomb interaction. Using the standard quantum optics method and input–output theory, we obtain the analytical solution of the FWM and SSG with strict derivation. According to the numerical simulations, we find that the FWM can be controlled via regulating the coupling strength and the frequency difference of the two NRs under different detuning, which also gives a means to determine the coupling strength of the two NRs. Furthermore, the SSG is sensitive to the detuning, which shows double second-order optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) sidebands via controlling the coupling strength and frequencies of the resonators. Our investigation may increase the comprehension of nonlinear phenomena in hybrid optomechanics systems.

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Demonstration of Displacement Sensing of a mg-Scale Pendulum for mm- and mg-Scale Gravity Measurements

Cited by 61 publications

References 36 publications

Detecting deformed commutators with exceptional points in optomechanical sensors

Detecting deformed commutators with exceptional points in optomechanical sensors

Gravitational Forces Between Nonclassical Mechanical Oscillators

Robust Four-Wave Mixing and Double Second-Order Optomechanically Induced Transparency Sideband in a Hybrid Optomechanical System

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