Demonstration and Quantification of IgE Antibodies Against &lt;i&gt;Paracoccidioides brasiliensis&lt;/i&gt; in Paracoccidioidomycosis

Yarzábal, L. A.; Dessaint, J. P.; Arango, Myrtha; Albornoz, María C.B. de; Campins, H.

doi:10.1159/000232533

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…5 ,ug/ml) when P. brasiliensis was cleared by antifungal (SCH 42427) therapy. These humoral responses in mice with murine paracoccidioidomycosis resemble those reported in humans with paracoccidioidomycosis, i.e., high titers of serum antibody to antigen (264) and polyclonal IgE (328).…”

Section: Opportunismsupporting

confidence: 63%

Paracoccidioidomycosis: an update

1993

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This review summarizes knowledge on various aspects of paracoccidioidomycosis. Mycelial propagules, chlamydospores, and arthroconidia exhibit thermal dimorphism; arthroconidia are infectious in animals and, by electron microscopy, appear well provided for survival. The mycelial-to-yeast-phase transformation requires a strict control of glucan synthesis probably mediated by membrane enzymes. Hormonal influences on the transformation of the fungus (mycelium or conidium to yeast phase) have been demonstrated. Estrogen-binding proteins have been detected in the fungal cytosol, and during the transformation novel proteins are produced as a result of estradiol incorporation. Clinical forms have been better defined on the basis of better experimental models. Emphasis has been placed on the lungs as the portal of entry and on the existence of silent pulmonary infections. A specific Paracoccidioides brasiliensis antigen, the 43-kDa glycoprotein (Gp43), has been identified, characterized, and cloned. This has led to improved reproducibility and specificity of serologic tests. The depression of cell-mediated immune responses has been associated with severe disease in humans and in the experimental host. T-cell subsets in patients' tissues were characterized by means of monoclonal antibodies, and a reduced CD4/CD8 ratio was demonstrated. This has been related to alterations in lymphokine and tumor necrosis factor production, production of antigen-antibody complexes, etc. Amphotericin B has provided effective therapy. Azole derivatives have also improved prognosis and facilitated therapy. Itraconazole is presently the drug of choice, yet incapacitating sequelae (mainly pulmonary fibrosis) still constitute major problems.

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Section: Opportunismsupporting

confidence: 63%

Paracoccidioidomycosis: an update

1993

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“…These results are in agreement with the existence of a relationship between the onset and the magnitude of the anti-fungus IgE and the severity of disease, as previously suggested. 32,33 It is tempting to speculate on the significance of the P. brasiliensis IgE response and its possible role in immunological defense or fungus pathogenesis. However, further studies are required to more clearly define the IgE response in patients with different clinical manifestations of PCM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect specific immunoglobulin E in sera of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis.

Mamoni¹,

Rossi²,

Camargo³

et al. 2001

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the most frequent systemic mycosis in South America. The disease is characterized by a polyclonal activation of B cells, resulting in hyperimmunoglobulinemia. The production of immunoglobulin (Ig) E in deep mycosis has been related to the severity of the disease. However, the detection of specific IgE in sera of patients is difficult because of the competition with the IgG. We compared a capture and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique to detect Paracoccidioides brasiliensis IgE. We found that the capture ELISA presented higher performance and lower background values than the indirect assay, resulting in a significant quantitative discrimination between sera from patients with the 2 major clinical forms of PCM. Patients with the juvenile form presented significantly higher levels of P. brasiliensis IgE, as compared with patients with the adult form. The capture ELISA was used in the follow-up of patients receiving treatment, showing that the levels of specific IgE decreased as the patient's clinical conditions improved.

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“…Serum IgE is often increased in human systemic fungal infections [20], as has been shown in paracoccidioidomycosis [21]. Thus the host response in these infections may in part be mediated by a balance of Thl and Th2 responses, with progression associated with a predominant Th2 response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of anti-IL-4, interferon-gamma and an antifungal triazole (SCH 42427) in paracoccidioidomycosis: correlation of IgE levels with outcome

Hostetler

Brummer

Coffman³

et al. 1993

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYParacoccidioidomycosis is characterized by depressed cellular but enhanced humoral immune responses, which suggests a Th2 type of response to infection. We investigated possible therapeutic roles for anti-IL-4, interferon-gamma (IFN-y) and/or SCH 42427 (SCH), a new triazole antifungal agent, and their effect on serum IgE levels in a murine model of chronic Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection. BALB/c mice infected by the pulmonary route were studied with three programmes. The subacute model and one acute model experiment investigated cytokine secretion by lymph node cells (LNC), and in a second acute experiment mice were given anti-IL-4, IFN-y or nothing 24 h post infection, then killed at 4 weeks. In the chronic model, mice began treatment at 4 weeks post infection, receiving either SCH, IFN-y alone, SCH + IFN-y, or no treatment for 8 weeks. At 2-week intervals lung and spleen burdens of infection and serum polyclonal IgE levels were determined. In the subacute model (non-progressive infection), initially there was dual production of IL-4 and IFN-y by antigen-stimulated LNC. In the acute progressive infection model IL-4, but not IFN-y, was secreted. Anti-IL-4 treatment of the acute phase resulted in enhanced host resistance to infection, which correlated with decreased serum IgE. The chronic model, in which the in vivo efficacy of SCH against P. brasiliensis was shown, suggests possible synergy between immunomodulation and antimicrobial chemotherapy (IFN-y and SCH). Decreased organ burdens of infection in the chronic model after treatment with SCH, SCH plus IFN-y, or anti-IL-4 correlated with decreased serum IgE. These promising novel approaches to treatment of systemic fungal infections suggest a Th2 type of response to P. brasiliensis infection, which can be reversed with successful therapy.

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Demonstration and Quantification of IgE Antibodies Against <i>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis</i> in Paracoccidioidomycosis

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Paracoccidioidomycosis: an update

Paracoccidioidomycosis: an update

Capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect specific immunoglobulin E in sera of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis.

Effect of anti-IL-4, interferon-gamma and an antifungal triazole (SCH 42427) in paracoccidioidomycosis: correlation of IgE levels with outcome

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