Demographic Studies of the Annual Kelps Nereocystis luetkeana and Costaria costata (Laminariales, Phaeophyta) in Puget Sound, Washington

Maxell, Bryce A.; Miller, Kathy Ann

doi:10.1515/botm.1996.39.1-6.479

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Seawater sample salinity showed continuous readings of 29 ‰ for Saddlebag Island and 30 ‰ for Cantilever Point. These values are conducive to Nereocystis luetkeana development and within the range reported for populations in the Puget Sound region (Maxell & Miller 1996).…”

Section: Biological and Environmental Site Conditionssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Temperature ranged from 10 to 16°C for Saddlebag Island and from 9 to 14°C for Cantilever Point. These temperatures are within the range in which Nereocystis luetkeana is known to develop and recruit (Vadas 1972, Maxell & Miller 1996. Slightly higher temperatures were recorded at Saddlebag Island than at Cantilever Point.…”

Section: Biological and Environmental Site Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Light levels and temperature are reduced and may be suboptimal for growth during the late fall, a time when natural populations of Nereocystis luetkeana begin to senesce (Kozloff 1993, Maxell & Miller 1996. Additionally, increased storm surge in the fall increases the risk that transplants will be lost before they become naturally established.…”

Section: Factors Contributing To the Success And Failure Of Juvenile mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Pacific Northwest, juvenile Nereocystis luetkeana (< 30 cm stipe length) and other kelps tend to be most abundant in the early spring months, generally between late February and early March (Maxell & Miller 1996, L. T. Carney, J. R. Waaland, T. Klinger, pers. obs.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Growth, reproduction and recruitment of Silvetia siliquosa (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) transplants using polyethylene rope and natural rock methods

Gao¹,

Choi²,

Park³

et al. 2017

ALGAE

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Anthropogenic disturbances such as shoreline development and sediment loading can reduce or eliminate Nereocystis luetkeana populations and commercially important species associated with N. luetkeana. Hence, kelp restoration will become increasingly important in urbanized nearshore areas. Techniques to establish N. luetkeana populations in the northwestern waters of Washington State, USA, were examined and compared: (1) out-planting recently settled zoospores and microscopic sporophytes (0.5 to 1.0 mm blade length) grown in laboratory culture, in the field onto natural substrate, and at elevated positions, and (2) transplanting juvenile sporophytes (<15 cm stipe length) from natural populations, bypassing the culturing phase. Juvenile transplants were found to be more successful than cultured out-plants. The restoration cost for juvenile transplants was 12 US dollars (USD) per installed plant with a maximum cost estimate of 200 USD m -2 . These had a 10 to 30% higher survival rate than previously reported kelp transplant efforts using larger individuals. The collection of smaller individuals for transplanting imposes smaller ecological costs to natural populations than does the collection of larger, established plants. Stipe breakage caused by the grazing gastropod Lacuna vincta posed the largest limiting factor on transplant survival. Lack of survival among the out-planted zoospores and microscopic sporophytes indicates that other methods will be more successful. Restoration efforts in the nearshore marine environment will benefit from an adaptive management approach in which techniques can be tailored to the specific physical and biological conditions at the restoration site.

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Section: Biological and Environmental Site Conditionssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Biological and Environmental Site Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Factors Contributing To the Success And Failure Of Juvenile mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Growth, reproduction and recruitment of Silvetia siliquosa (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) transplants using polyethylene rope and natural rock methods

Gao¹,

Choi²,

Park³

et al. 2017

ALGAE

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“…An annual or biannual alga, N. luetkeana is common in disturbed rocky habitats and is frequently one of the first macrophyte species to colonize a shallow subtidal area denuded by grazers or physical disturbance. Surprisingly, given its distribution and abundance, little is known about N. luetkeana population dynamics (Maxell & Miller 1996). In this paper we examine survivorship in N. luetkeana populations at 7 sites with very different hydrodynamic characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive roles of mesograzers and current flow in survival of kelps

Duggins¹,

Eckman²,

Siddon³

et al. 2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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ABSTRACT:The relationship between hydrodynamic energy and biological processes is examined for a kelp-dominated marine community in the San Juan Archipelago. Populations of a common and widely distributed kelp, Nereocystis luetkeana, were established and rates and causes of mortality followed at 7 sites differing greatly in tidally driven current velocities and wave exposure (measured by permanently deployed instrument packages). Mortality of N. luetkeana was not related to storm energy, but exhibited a significant non-linear relationship with tidal current energy such that mortality rates were highest at sites exhibiting protracted periods of calm punctuated by episodes of strong currents. The role of mesograzers (primarily the gastropod Lacuna vincta) on survivorship in these kelp populations was evaluated in the field and in laboratory flume experiments. The relationship between grazer damage and stipe breaking force was investigated by measuring the tensile forces required to break experimentally damaged stipes. Although undamaged stipes can easily withstand the tensile forces imposed by even the strongest current and wave exposures, a very small amount of damage will have highly significant negative effects on breaking strength. While apparently responsible for a significant portion of N. luetkeana mortality in low and variable energy environments, L. vincta is unable to persist on kelp stipes in high-energy environments and its role there is trivial. The relationship between L. vincta grazing and hydrodynamic energy is however nonlinear, because water movement has opposite effects on grazer foraging behavior and the drag forces imposed on kelps, and this results in a complex relationship between hydrodynamic energy and kelp survival. We suggest a conceptual model for relating kelp survival to grazing intensity in hydrodynamically variable environments. The model leads to the prediction, exhibited in our field results, that the probability of plant mortality may be maximized in regions of intermediate flow energy. KEY WORDS: Kelp · Nereocystis · Hydrodynamics · Population dynamics · LacunaResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Remote sensing: generation of long‐term kelp bed data sets for evaluation of impacts of climatic variation

Hamilton

Bell

Watson

et al. 2020

Ecology

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Demographic Studies of the Annual Kelps Nereocystis luetkeana and Costaria costata (Laminariales, Phaeophyta) in Puget Sound, Washington

Cited by 35 publications

References 33 publications

Growth, reproduction and recruitment of Silvetia siliquosa (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) transplants using polyethylene rope and natural rock methods

Growth, reproduction and recruitment of Silvetia siliquosa (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) transplants using polyethylene rope and natural rock methods

Interactive roles of mesograzers and current flow in survival of kelps

Remote sensing: generation of long‐term kelp bed data sets for evaluation of impacts of climatic variation

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