Demographic consequences of anthropogenic influences: Florida black bears in north-central Florida

Hostetler, Jeffrey A.; McCown, J. Walter; Garrison, Elina P.; Neils, Aletris M.; Barrett, Mark A.; Sunquist, Melvin E.; Simek, Stephanie L.; Oli, Madan K.

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2009.05.029

Cited by 40 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Such variability suggests that bears perceive risks associated with human activity, but that they also perceive the shifting benefits of obtaining anthropogenic foods. How these risks and benefits translate to individual and population fitness is largely unknown, but studies have indicated that bear selection for development may be maladaptive (Beckmann and Berger, 2003b;Hostetler et al, 2009 andBaruch-Mordo et al, 2014). While it is important to document changes in wildlife behavior in response to increasing development, future research should elucidate the demographic impacts of these changes on long-term population viability.…”

Section: Aspen Femalesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Bears can readily exploit the wealth of reliable, high-calorie food resources available around human development (i.e., garbage, fruit trees, livestock), but are also susceptible to increased mortality from vehicle collisions, conflict-related euthanasia, and other human-related factors (Beckmann and Berger, 2003a,b;Hostetler et al, 2009 andBaruch-Mordo et al, 2014). Although studies have demonstrated that bears perceive risk associated with human activity (Beckmann and Berger, 2003a;Nellemann et al, 2007 andOrdiz et al, 2011), human-bear conflicts have generally increased over time (Hristienko and McDonald, 2007), displaying high temporal and spatial variation (Baruch-Mordo et al, 2008 andTreves et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shifting perceptions of risk and reward: Dynamic selection for human development by black bears in the western United States

Johnson

Breck

Baruch‐Mordo

et al. 2015

Biological Conservation

111

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a b s t r a c tAs landscapes across the globe experience increasing human development, it is critical to identify the behavioral responses of wildlife to this change given associated shifts in resource availability and risk from human activity. This is particularly important for large carnivores as their interactions with people are often a source of conflict, which can impede conservation efforts and require extensive management. To examine the adaptations of a large carnivore to benefits and risks associated with human development we investigated black bear behavior in three systems in the western United States. Our objectives were to (1) identify temporal patterns of selection for development within a year and across years based on natural food conditions, (2) compare spatial patterns of selection for development across systems, and (3) examine individual characteristics associated with increased selection for development. Using mixed effects resource selection models we found that bear selection for development was highly dynamic, varying as a function of changing environmental and physiological conditions. Bears increased their use of development in years when natural foods were scarce, throughout the summer-fall, as they aged, and as a function of gender, with males exhibiting greater use of development. While patterns were similar across systems, bears at sites with poorer quality habitat selected development more consistently than bears at sites with higher quality habitat. Black bears appear to use development largely for food subsidy, suggesting that conflicts with bears, and potentially other large carnivores, will increase when the physiological demand for resources outweighs risks associated with human activity.Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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Section: Aspen Femalesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifting perceptions of risk and reward: Dynamic selection for human development by black bears in the western United States

Johnson

Breck

Baruch‐Mordo

et al. 2015

Biological Conservation

111

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“…Foraging in human-dominated areas can also increase mortality risks to bears from vehicle collisions, conflict removals, and other sources (Beckmann and Berger, 2003;Hostetler et al, 2009). For example, Laufenberg et al (2018) detected a 57% decline in the female bear population surrounding Durango following a year of poor natural food conditions.…”

Section: Defining Components Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A conceptual model for the integration of social and ecological information to understand human-wildlife interactions

Lischka

Teel

Johnson

et al. 2018

Biological Conservation

128

122

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There is growing recognition that interdisciplinary approaches that account for both ecological and social processes are necessary to successfully address human-wildlife interactions. However, such approaches are hindered by challenges in aligning data types, communicating across disciplines, and applying social science information to conservation actions. To meet these challenges, we propose a conceptual model that adopts a social-ecological systems approach and integrates social and ecological theory to identify the multiple, nested levels of influence on both human and animal behavior. By accounting for a diverse array of influences and feedback mechanisms between social and ecological systems, this model fulfills a need for approaches that treat social and ecological processes with equal depth and facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the drivers of human and animal behaviors that perpetuate human-wildlife interactions. We apply this conceptual model to our work on human-black bear conflicts in Colorado, USA to demonstrate its utility. Using this example, we identify key lessons and offer guidance to researchers and conservation practitioners for applying integrated approaches to other human-wildlife systems.

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“…Southeastern localities in Nuevo Léon, however, are under the influence of more intense anthropogenic development (such as urban and industrial areas), impeding the panmictic movements of black bears. Previous results suggested a negative effect of anthropogenic influences such as road density and vehicular traffic on the population dynamics of black bears (Hostetler et al 2009). Fixation indices are high and support the observed patterns of genetic structure which are similar to those found in 2 distinct populations 185 Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive sampling reveals fine-scale genetic structure in black bear Ursus americanus populations from northeastern Mexico

Montiel‐Reyes¹,

Maldonado²,

Real-Monroy³

et al. 2014

Endang. Species. Res.

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The black bear Ursus americanus is one of the largest terrestrial carnivores that has a wide distribution in northeastern Mexico, the only country in which black bears are listed as endangered. We used 10 nuclear microsatellite loci to evaluate black bear genetic variability in 6 disjointed populations from northeastern Mexico. Non-invasive genetic techniques were applied to fecal and hair samples. Using a panel of 10 polymorphic microsatellites we identified 64 individuals. Black bears showed low to moderate levels of genetic diversity in all sampled populations (mean ± SD expected heterozygosity, H e = 0.63 ± 0.628). Pairwise comparisons between all 6 populations (φ ST = 0.315, p < 0.05) detected significant genetic differentiation between the western Coahuila and the northeastern Nuevo León regions, suggesting that black bears have low levels of gene flow between these 2 regions. Microsatellites revealed significant structure within the complex of disjoint areas in the region. The inbreeding coefficient was also significant (φ IS = 0.143). The largest proportion of genetic variation (82.7%) was found between individuals within populations. Distance and anthropogenic activities may serve to limit gene exchange among populations which form at least 3 distinct genetic clusters; these may respond differently to environmental changes and should be considered distinct management units.

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Demographic consequences of anthropogenic influences: Florida black bears in north-central Florida

Cited by 40 publications

References 33 publications

Shifting perceptions of risk and reward: Dynamic selection for human development by black bears in the western United States

Shifting perceptions of risk and reward: Dynamic selection for human development by black bears in the western United States

A conceptual model for the integration of social and ecological information to understand human-wildlife interactions

Non-invasive sampling reveals fine-scale genetic structure in black bear Ursus americanus populations from northeastern Mexico

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