Democracy by Demand? Reinvestigating the Effect of Self-expression Values on Political Regime Type

Dahlum, Sirianne; Knutsen, Carl Henrik

doi:10.1017/s0007123415000447

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…One notable advantage of TSCS data is its capacity to illuminate varying longitudinal processes between countries once within-country variation is separated from betweencountry variation. Previous studies using similar TSCS data did not distinguish between levels of analysis and instead assumed that there had to be only one longitudinal pattern that applies to all countries in the development of democracy [36] or individualism [6]. Unfortunately, this approach is limited in that (i) it cannot meaningfully interpret observed coefficients that reflect a mixture of both within-country and between-country processes, and (ii) it does not tap longitudinal patterns that might vary between countries.…”

Section: Varying Patterns Of Longitudinal Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, previous longitudinal analyses omitted a general time trend as a covariate from the regression model (e.g. [6,36]). Inclusion of a time covariate ensures that a coefficient of a time-variant predictor represents a more meaningful estimate, that is, the extent to which the predictor explains the longitudinal variation of a dependent variable over and above the general time trend [39].…”

Section: Towards a More Comprehensive Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-level modelling of time-series cross-sectional data reveals the dynamic interaction between ecological threats and democratic development

Kusano

Kemmelmeier

2020

R. Soc. open sci.

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What is the relationship between environment and democracy? The framework of cultural evolution suggests that societal development is an adaptation to ecological threats. Pertinent theories assume that democracy emerges as societies adapt to ecological factors such as higher economic wealth, lower pathogen threats, less demanding climates and fewer natural disasters. However, previous research confused within-country processes with between-country processes and erroneously interpreted between-country findings as if they generalize to within-country mechanisms. We analyse a time-series cross-sectional dataset to study the dynamic relationship between environment and democracy (1949–2016), accounting for previous misconceptions in levels of analysis. By separating within-country processes from between-country processes, we find that the relationship between environment and democracy not only differs by country but also depends on the level of analysis. Economic wealth predicts increasing levels of democracy in between-country comparisons, but within-country comparisons show that democracy declines in years when countries become wealthier. This relationship is only prevalent among historically wealthy countries but not among historically poor countries, whose wealth also increased over time. By contrast, pathogen prevalence predicts lower levels of democracy in both between-country and within-country comparisons. Multi-level modelling also confirms that the within-country effect of pathogen prevalence remains robust even after considering a region-level analysis. Longitudinal analyses identifying temporal precedence reveal that not only reductions in pathogen prevalence drive future democracy, but also democracy reduces future pathogen prevalence and increases future wealth. These nuanced results contrast with previous analyses using narrow, cross-sectional data. Overall, our findings illuminate the dynamic process by which environment and democracy shape each other.

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Section: Varying Patterns Of Longitudinal Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Towards a More Comprehensive Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-level modelling of time-series cross-sectional data reveals the dynamic interaction between ecological threats and democratic development

Kusano

Kemmelmeier

2020

R. Soc. open sci.

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“…To avoid sample-selection bias emerging from listwise deletion we conduct multiple imputation using Amelia II Honaker, King and Blackwell (2011). This has proven fruitful for the WVS data in particular (Dahlum and Knutsen, 2017). The imputation accounts for the time-series cross-sectional structure of the data, and produces a total of 5 different datasets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peace Above the Glass Ceiling: The Historical Relationship Between Female Political Empowerment and Civil Conflict

Dahlum

Wig

2018

SSRN Journal

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This paper investigates whether female political empowerment is conducive to civil peace, drawing on global data on female political empowerment over a 200 year period, from the Varieties of Democracy database. We augment previous research by expanding the temporal scope, looking at a novel inventory of female empowerment measures, attending to reverse-causality and omitted variable issues, and separating between relevant causal mechanisms. We find a strong link between female political empowerment and civil peace, which is particularly pronounced in the 20th century. When studying mechanisms, we find that this relationship is driven both by women's political participation and the culture that conduces it. To draw causal inferences, we estimate instrumental variable models and perform causal sensitivity tests. This is the strongest evidence to date that there is a robust link between female political empowerment and civil peace, stemming from both institutional and cultural mechanisms.

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“…Loks skal bent á að niðurstöður rannsókna hafa gefið til kynna breyttar áherslur og gildismat ungs fólks sem birtist í frjálslyndari skilningi þess á lýðraeðislegum borgaralegum skyldum, svo sem kosningaþátttöku. Rannsóknunum ber þó ekki saman um það hvort sjálfstjáningargildin efla lýðraeðislega þátttöku (Welzel og Inglehart, 2006) eða draga úr henni (Dahlum og Knutsen, 2017).…”

Section: Fraeðilegur Bakgrunnurunclassified

Borgaravitund ungmenna skoðuð í ljósi uppeldissýnar foreldra þeirra

Guðjohnsen¹,

Ingudóttir²

2020

TUUOM

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Mikilvægt er fyrir framtíð lýðræðissamfélaga að hlúa strax í æsku að borgaravitund barna og ungmenna, bæði góðum gildum og þátttöku í samfélaginu. Í þessari tilviksrannsókn var skoðað hvernig borgaravitund tveggja ungmenna endurspeglar uppeldissýn foreldra þeirra og gefa meginniðurstöður hennar til kynna skýra samsvörun þar á milli. Veganesti foreldranna var áhersla á náin samskipti sem einkenndust af umhyggju og stuðningi, djúpar samræður og gildismat þar sem vægi virðingar, skilnings, velferðar samborgara og samfélagsábyrgðar var mikið. Þá nefndu bæði foreldrarnir og ungmennin mikilvægi nokkurra óformlegra borgaralegra viðmiða, eins og að fylgja lögum, vera vinnusamur og koma vel fram við aðra. Gildi rannsóknarinnar liggur í vísbendingum um að foreldrar gegni mikilvægu hlutverki við að efla borgaravitund barna sinna. Til að styðja við borgaravitund ungmenna þurfa foreldrar að setja það í forgang í uppeldinu að rækta góð samskipti, hlúa að gildismati og gefa samræðu þar sem rædd eru ólík sjónarmið og lausnir fundnar aukið vægi.

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Democracy by Demand? Reinvestigating the Effect of Self-expression Values on Political Regime Type

Cited by 35 publications

References 72 publications

Multi-level modelling of time-series cross-sectional data reveals the dynamic interaction between ecological threats and democratic development

Multi-level modelling of time-series cross-sectional data reveals the dynamic interaction between ecological threats and democratic development

Peace Above the Glass Ceiling: The Historical Relationship Between Female Political Empowerment and Civil Conflict

Borgaravitund ungmenna skoðuð í ljósi uppeldissýnar foreldra þeirra

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