Demarcation area between juvenile and mature wood in Elaeocarpus angustifolius

Abstract

Abstract. Rahayu I, Laksono GD, Darmawan W, Maddu A, Prihatini E. 2021. Demarcation area between juvenile and mature wood in Elaeocarpus angustifolius. Biodiversitas 22: 2583-2590. Wood for use in building and industrial materials is generally supplied from plantations and natural forests. Timber demand has been increasing as the population grows, but the availability of timber from natural forests is declining. Therefore, to meet timber needs, wood from community forests is becoming a solution. Community forests are widely planted with fast-growing trees, such as Elaeocarpus angustifolius Blume. It offers the advantages of a short cutting cycle and large-diameter wood. This study aimed to determine the demarcation area between juvenile and mature wood on 6-year-old E. angustifolius based on anatomical, physical, and mechanical properties. The parameters used to determine the demarcation area included the following properties: anatomical (fiber length, cell wall thickness, and microfibril angle [MFA]), physical (moisture content and green density), and mechanical (modulus of elasticity [MOE], modulus of rupture [MOR], and hardness). Those parameters were measured from pith to bark. Data analyses were based on segmented linear regression models using PROC NLIN in SAS. Fiber length, cell wall thickness, green density, MOE, MOR, and hardness values increased from pith to bark. Results from the segmented linear regression models on anatomical properties allowed extrapolating that mature wood would begin at the 18 cm (based on fiber length), the 20 cm (based on cell wall thickness), and the 21 cm (based on MFA) distance from the pith. the proportion of juvenile wood in E. angustifolius was 100%. Fiber length, cell wall thickness, and MFA can be used to determine the transition point of juvenile wood and mature wood in E. angustifolius.

Determination of the Boundary between Juvenile–Mature Wood of Diospyros kaki and Their Wood Anatomical Variations

“…Furthermore, thin cell walls formed at the beginning of growth resulted in low-density wood, whereas mature wood with thicker cell walls had a higher density (Rahayu et al, 2021;Seta et al, 2023). High vessel diameter and ray parenchyma frequency in mature wood increase its porosity and considerably affect the quality of wood products.…”

“…In addition, Juvenile and mature woods have different anatomical characteristics. Juvenile wood has smaller and shorter fibers, thinner fiber walls, larger microfibril angles, higher lignin content, lower density, and lower strength than mature wood (Darmawan et al, 2013;Lu et al, 2021;Nugroho et al, 2012;Rahayu et al, 2021). Juvenile wood is quite undesirable because of its disadvantageous properties that limit its potential applications in veneer and solid wood products (Darmawan et al, 2013;Dirna et al, 2020;Hadi et al, 2019;Nawrot et al, 2014;Nugroho et al, 2012).…”

Modification of Fast-Growing Wood into Magnetic Wood with Impregnation Method Using Fe3O4 Nanoparticles

“…Fast-growing wood species are known to have low quality, making them less popular in the wood industry. The high content of juvenile wood causes fast-growing wood to have a low density and durability (Rahayu et al 2014). Fast-growing woods such as sengon (Falcataria moluccana) and jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) woods are currently only used as insulating boards, plywood, carpentry wood, and crates (Anggraini et al 2021).…”

Unlocking the potential of fast-growing species from Indonesia: durability and sorption aspects

“…However, such wood species often have relatively inferior material properties, including low biological durability. When six-year-old A. cadamba or P. falcataria trees are harvested, 100% of their formed wood is, of course, juvenile (Rahayu et al 2014). However, there are notable differences in durability between juvenile and mature wood, which makes juvenile wood questionable for use as constructive timber.…”