Demagnetizing factors for two parallel ferromagnetic plates and their applications to magnetoelectric laminated sensors

Abstract

Converse magnetoelectric effect in ferromagnetic shape memory alloy/piezoelectric laminate Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 022501 (2009)

Metallic Glass/PVDF Magnetoelectric Laminates for Resonant Sensors and Actuators: A Review

“…In fact and for the magnetostrictive constituent, demagnetizing effects cannot be neglected, since they become stronger as the length of the magnetostrictive ribbon used decreases. Even if demagnetizing factors for three-layer laminated composites have been already theoretically quantified [38], when the thickness of the piezoelectric layer is very thin, it is possible to calculate the demagnetizing factor of the whole laminated composite by using the following expression:$N_{lam}\approx \frac{1}{2}false(N_t+N_{2t}false)\approx \frac{3}{2}{N}_t$ where N t and N 2t are the experimentally determined demagnetizing factors of prism-shaped ribbons of thicknesses t and 2t , respectively [39]. For very thin ribbons ( t → 0), N 2t ≈ 2 N t [39].…”

Magneto-Mechano-Electric (MME) Energy Harvesting Properties of Piezoelectric Macro-fiber Composite/Ni Magnetoelectric Generator

“…in-plane (along length) and out-plane (along width and thickness). The difference of such ME coupling response as well as magnetic dc bias of the samples with different in-plane and out-plane sizes originates from the shape demagnetization effect (Liverts et al 2011;Cui and Dong, 2011;Pan et al 2008). Relative to 1 and 2 directions, the thickness (3) direction did not saturate until H dc , 800 Oe; this is due to the higher demagnetization factor associated along this direction.…”

“…Magnetoelectric (ME) laminate/layered constituents are the present and next generations favorable candidates for magnetic field sensors, gyrators and energy harvesters due to its effective giant ME response and multifunctional behavior than single phase and particulate composite structures, hence gained certain attention for the researchers of ME society today (Nan et al 2008;Zhai et al 2008;Liverts et al 2011). Recently, ME materials have successfully proved their efficiency for generating the power to an applied magnetic/mechanical stimulations with high output voltage characteristics (Kambale et al 2013;Zhou, Apo, and Priya 2013;Ju et al 2013).…”

“…But recently some research groups were succeeding to achieve good ME response at zero magnetic dc bias i.e., self-biased ME materials using Ni plate (Yang et al 2010;Zhou et al 2012;Li et al 2013). Dong et al and others provided the systematic investigation and theoretical approach for the effective ME coupling modes and effect of demagnetization factor (reduction of the magnetic field within the magnetostrictive layer) on the magnitude of α ME (Liverts et al 2011;Dong, Li, and Viehland 2004;Cui and Dong, 2011). Among the different operational modes of ME measurement, the L-T (longitudinally magnetized-transversely polarized) mode is very easy to fabricate and yield 5-7 times higher ME output than T-T (transversely magnetized-transversely polarized) mode Dong, Li, and Viehland 2004).…”

Metallic Glass / PVDF Magnetoelectric Laminates for Resonant Sensors and Actuators

“…In fact and for the magnetostrictive constituent, demagnetizing effects can not be neglected, since they become stronger as the length of the magnetostrictive ribbon used decreases. Even if demagnetizing factors for three-layer laminated composites have been already theoretically quantified [39], when the thickness of the piezoelectric layer is very thin, we could calculate the demagnetizing factor of the whole laminated composite by using the following expression:…”