Delirium, Clouding of Consciousness, and Confusion

Lipowski, Z. J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-2509-3_14

Cited by 15 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 78 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1,5 The concept of delirium has evolved based on clinical observations and, after years of inaccurate terminology, the diagnosis has been codified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). 6,7 Since a full psychiatric evaluation is often too long and exhaustive, 7,8 a more effective means of diagnosis based on the criteria contained in the DSM-III-R, the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), 7,8 has been described. The method was later used in 4,000 publications, being extensively validated, and obtained a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 89%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method was later used in 4,000 publications, being extensively validated, and obtained a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 89%. 6,7 Patients at risk for the development of delirium are those undergoing orthopedic surgeries due to fractures or osteoarthrosis, including total knee and hip arthroplasty, which often have several risk factors for delirium observed early in the preoperative period. 3,[9][10][11][12] Knee and hip arthroplasties aim to treat chronic refractory pain in these joints.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Incidence of delirium in postoperative patients treated with total knee and hip arthroplasty

Bosmak

Gibim

Guimarães

et al. 2017

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Introduction: Delirium is a common disorder that can potentiate mortality and comorbidity rates of patients hospitalized in intensive care units. Patients undergoing major orthopedic surgeries, such as knee and hip arthroplasty, are particularly vulnerable as they often have multiple risk factors for this disorder. Method: Descriptive study of the incidence of delirium in patients treated with total knee and hip arthroplasty, given the advanced age and comorbidities in this population. We evaluated the medical records of patients who had previously undergone the designated surgeries for identification of postoperative delirium. Results: We observed in this study an incidence of 8.92% of delirium, mostly affecting females with a mean age of 73 years and hypertension. Conclusion: The incidence of delirium in our study is similar to that observed in the general population, according to the literature. We found no correlation with sleep disorders, smoking or diabetes mellitus in this study, even though the importance of these factors for the onset of delirium is well-established in the literature.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of delirium in postoperative patients treated with total knee and hip arthroplasty

Bosmak

Gibim

Guimarães

et al. 2017

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Conversely, only 54% use the term delirium to indicate the disorder as defined by the DSM-IV. 34 Several years ago, Lipowski 36 called delirium "the Cinderella of American Psychiatry: taken for granted, ignored, and seldom studied." These findings underline the importance of providing further knowledge not just on the general definition of delirium but specifically on the terminology used in the research and clinical settings according to the time course, subtypes and sub-syndromal forms (Fig.…”

Section: Delirium Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding terminology of delirium and long-term cognitive impairment in critically ill patients

Morandi

Pandharipande

Jackson

et al. 2012

Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Keywords: delirium long-term cognitive impairment terminology critical careDelirium, an acute brain dysfunction, frequently affects intensive care unit (ICU) patients during the course of a critical illness. Besides the acute morbidities, ICU survivors often experience longterm sequelae in the form of cognitive impairment (LTCI-CI). Though delirium and LTCI-CI are associated with adverse outcomes, little is known on the terminology used to define these acute and chronic co-morbidities. The use of a correct terminology is a key factor to spread the knowledge on clinical conditions. Therefore, we first review the epidemiology, definition of delirium and its related terminology. Second, we report on the epidemiology of LTCI-CI and compare its definition to other forms of cognitive impairments. In particular, we define mild cognitive impairment, dementia and finally postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Future research is needed to interpret the trajectories of LTCI-CI, to differentiate it from neurodegenerative diseases and to provide a formal disease classification.

show abstract

“…A fairly standard set of procedures has been described for the management of delirium. These included orienting the patient during each contact, ensuring at least 6 hours of uninterrupted sleep, and treatment with appropriate medications (Andreasen, 1974;Andreasen et al, 1972b;Jorgensen & Brophy, 1975;Kjaer, 1969;Lipowski, 1967;Miller et al, 1976;Noyes et al, 1971;Weisz, 1967).…”

Section: Psychological Aspects Of Burn Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%