Delignification of Elephant Grass for Production of Cellulosic Intermediate

Minmunin, Jurarut; Limpitipanich, Paiboon; Promwungkwa, Anucha

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.11.468

Cited by 34 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Generally, lignin does not favor the fermentation stage and therefore there is need to reduce or if possible, eliminate the lignin content in organic materials which are involved in the fermentative processes [18] like biogas production. Elephant grass contains about 8.20% lignin [19], while waterleaf contains about 8% of indigestible lignin in the form of dietary fiber [20]. The water to lignin ratio in water leaf (10:1) is higher than that of elephant grass (1.5:1), it serves as seeding agent which enhances production of biogas when used as a co-digestate with poultry droppings.…”

Section: Measurement Of the Gas Production Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of the Kinetics of Biogas Yield From the Codigestion of Poultry Droppings With Waterleaf and Poultry Droppings With Elephant Grass

Ikpe¹,

Akhihiero²,

Esekhaigbe³

2020

NWSA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was carried out to produce biogas from two sets of feedstock poultry droppings with waterleaf (Talinum triangulare) and poultry droppings with elephant grass (Pennisetum Purpureum S.). Two 25 litre-plastic drums were modified and used as bio-digesters. One digester was used to digest poultry droppings with waterleaf while the other was used to digest poultry droppings with elephant grass. A fixed mass (8kg) of the feedstock and distilled water (4kg) were anaerobically digested in the ratio of 2:1 in each digester and their derivable energy were measured for biogas. The feed materials where sourced locally. It was observed that the pH for each set of feedstock was stable and within the optimal range of 6.5-7.5 indicating that the by-product obtained from the digester can be used as organic fertilizer after biogas recovery. Biogas production started on the 18 th day for the poultry droppings with waterleaf, whereas, it started on the 26 th day for poultry droppings with elephant grass. The cumulative mass of gas produced was 2600g for poultry droppings with waterleaf; and 1300g for poultry droppings with elephant grass. The average temperature range in the bio-digester during this study was between 37-40℃ for poultry droppings with waterleaf and 35-40℃ for poultry droppings with elephant grass. Hence, this study has shown that biogas can be produced from poultry droppings with lignocellulosic materials like elephant grass and waterleaf, but using waterleaf as codigestate gives higher biogas energy potential than elephant grass, thus, waterleaf is a better seeding agent.

show abstract

Section: Measurement Of the Gas Production Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of the Kinetics of Biogas Yield From the Codigestion of Poultry Droppings With Waterleaf and Poultry Droppings With Elephant Grass

Ikpe¹,

Akhihiero²,

Esekhaigbe³

2020

NWSA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Eliana et al reported that Napier fibers with alkaline pre-treatment yielded the highest percentages of lowering sugars and ethanol [ 3 ]. It was reported that the delignification of Napier grass was carried out by alkaline treatment with different concentration from 0.5 to 10.5 wt.%, thus resulting in 80.59% cellulose and removal of 93.78% lignin [ 4 ]. Ridzuan et al recommended Napier fiber as a potential reinforcement material in polymer composites [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers from Napier fiber (Pennisetum purpureum)

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of the study is to investigate the utilisation of Napier fiber (Pennisetum purpureum) as a source for the fabrication of cellulose nanofibers (CNF). In this study, cellulose nanofibers (CNF) from Napier fiber were isolated via ball-milling assisted by acid hydrolysis. Acid hydrolysis with different molarities (1.0, 3.8 and 5.6 M) was performed efficiently facilitate cellulose fiber size reduction. The resulting CNFs were characterised through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), particle size analyser (PSA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The FTIR results demonstrated that there were no obvious changes observed between the spectra of the CNFs with different molarities of acid hydrolysis. With 5.6 M acid hydrolysis, the XRD analysis displayed the highest degree of CNF crystallinity at 70.67%. In a thermal analysis by TGA and DTG, cellulose nanofiber with 5.6 M acid hydrolysis tended to produce cellulose nanofibers with higher thermal stability. As evidenced by the structural morphologies, a fibrous network nanostructure was obtained under TEM and AFM analysis, while a compact structure was observed under FESEM analysis. In conclusion, the isolated CNFs from Napier-derived cellulose are expected to yield potential to be used as a suitable source for nanocomposite production in various applications, including pharmaceutical, food packaging and biomedical fields.

show abstract

“…This can be explained by the rich sugar content of hydrolysable fractions of energy crops improving the biodegradability of the feed mixture (Minmunin et al, 2015).…”

Section: Pilot-scale Anaerobic Digestion Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sodium hydroxide is the most popular base used in alkaline pre-treatment to remove lignin, hemicellulose, and/or cellulose, rendering lignocellulosic biomass more degradable to microbes and enzymes and has been extensively studied to improve biogas yield by increasing hardwood digestibility from 14 to 55% and reducing lignin content from 24e55% to 20% (Kumar et al, 2009;Minmunin et al, 2015). The kinetics of the chemical reaction is associated with the lignin content of biomass materials and promotes a greater solubilisation rate of larger biomolecules, through the improvement of porosity and internal surface area, structural swelling, a decrease in the degree of polymerization and crystallinity, disruption of lignin structure and a breakdown of links between lignin and other polymers (Michalska et al, 2015;Ravidran and Jaiswal, 2016;Harris and McCabe, 2015;Nieves et al, 2011;Zheng et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%