Delayed-Onset PTSD and Coping Strategies of Chinese College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Liao, Zhenxin; Zhang, Xueyan; Wang, Yingwen; Wang, Tingwei; Li, Xinyu; Zhao, Mingyi; Zhuang, Quan

doi:10.3389/fsoc.2021.734738

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…We found that stab injuries significantly increased in 2021, i.e., in the later phase of the pandemic and after most COVID-19-related measures had been lifted in Germany. This is congruent with studies demonstrating that several psychological effects occurring after crises (posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, fear, and anger) may only be observed with a certain delay ( 29 , 30 ). A study from Mexico showed that assault and battery numbers decreased in the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic but increased again when national lockdowns were lifted ( 31 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Routine laboratory parameters predict intensive care unit admission and hospitalization in patients suffering stab injuries

Maleitzke

Zhou²,

Zocholl³

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundKnife crime has increased considerably in recent years in Northern Europe. Affected patients often require immediate surgical care due to traumatic organ injury. Yet, little is known about clinically relevant routine laboratory parameters in stab injury patients and how these are associated with intensive care unit (ICU) admission, hospitalization and number of surgeries.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 258 stab injury cases between July 2015 and December 2021 at an urban Level I Trauma Center. Annual and seasonal incidences, injury site, injury mechanism, Injury Severity Score (ISS), and surgical management were evaluated. First, correlations between routine laboratory parameters for hematology, coagulation, and serum biochemistry (peak, and Δ (change from admission to peak within 3 days following admission)) and length of hospital stay, ICU stay, and number of surgeries were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients. Second, multivariable Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analyses were conducted to identify parameters predictive of clinical outcomes. Third, longitudinal developments of routine laboratory parameters were assessed during hospital admission.ResultsIn 2021, significantly more stab injuries were recorded compared with previous years and occurred less during winter compared with other seasons. Mean ISS was 8.3 ± 7.3, and ISS was positively correlated with length of hospital and ICU stay (r = 0.5–0.8, p < 0.001). Aspartate transaminase (AST) (Δ) (r = 0.690), peak C-reactive protein (CrP) (r = 0.573), and erythrocyte count (Δ) (r = 0.526) showed the strongest positive correlations for length of ICU stay for penetrating, thoracoabdominal, and organ injuries, respectively. No correlations were observed between routine laboratory parameters and number of surgeries. For patients with penetrating injuries, LASSO-selected predictors of ICU admission included ISS, pH and lactate at admission, and Δ values for activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), K+, and erythrocyte count. CrP levels on day 3 were significantly higher in patients with penetrating (p = 0.005), thoracoabdominal (p = 0.041), and organ injuries (p < 0.001) compared with those without.ConclusionOur data demonstrate an increase in stab injury cases in 2021 and an important link between changes in routine laboratory parameters and ICU admission and hospitalization. Monitoring ISS and changes in AST, CrP, erythrocyte count, pH, lactate, aPTT, and K+ may be useful to identify patients at risk and adjust surgical and ICU algorithms early on.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Routine laboratory parameters predict intensive care unit admission and hospitalization in patients suffering stab injuries

Maleitzke

Zhou²,

Zocholl³

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, the students reacted and mobilized positive short-term strategies that should be reinforced in order to protect them from long-term psychological harm. Furthermore, these strategies help students to stay mentally healthy and mitigate delayed-onset post-traumatic stress disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic ( 48 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Responses and Strategies Towards the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Higher Education Students in Portugal and Switzerland: A Mixed-Methods Study

et al. 2022

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BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused overwhelming changes in individual and community daily-life, resulting from the public health measures implemented to contain it, and also from its psychological and socio-economic consequences. These shifts and consequences impacted the entire population, but some groups are more likely to be affected by these changes, including higher education students.Objectivesa) to investigate mental health status and its determinants among higher-education students in Portugal and Switzerland; and b) to explore adjustment patterns used by these students to overcome the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA cross-sectional study with a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design was conducted in two phases. First, an online survey was conducted among higher education students in Portugal and Switzerland, in Portuguese and French respectively. A convenience sampling method was used. Second, some participants from the first phase were invited to participate in four online focus group discussions (two in each country) using a maximum variation sampling method.ResultsThe survey was answered by 1,880 students. Portuguese students revealed higher levels of stress and anxiety, but lower depression symptoms and less resilient coping compared to Swiss respondents. Hope was identified as an explanatory variable for mental health symptoms in students from both countries. In the focus groups (n = 27), 13 adjustment strategies were found, which were subdivided into three spheres: personal, social, and contextual.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic had a mild to moderate impact on most of the evaluated mental health variables. Nevertheless, the students reacted and mobilized positive short-term strategies, which need to be reinforced in order to prevent long-term psychological harm. In addition, our results can inform psychosocial interventions to minimize psychological impact, anxiety, depression, and stress due to sanitary crises or other population-wide problems or disasters.

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“…Though the above data were from different samples, PTSD seemed to emerge at the initial stage of the pandemic, and its prevalence became even higher two years after the outbreak of the pandemic. Such a phenomenon can be explained by the delayed onset of the PTSD, which has been frequently reported in different populations [ 40 ], including university students in China during the COVID-19 pandemic [ 41 ]. Furthermore, a systematic review summarizing 88 studies found that the prevalence of PTSD was 22.6% after pandemics (e.g., sudden acute respiratory syndrome [SARS], COVID-19) across all populations, including healthcare workers, infected cases, and the general public [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Shifts in Movement Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Relations to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among University Students

Feng

Lau

Shi

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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This study examined the longitudinal changes of movement behaviors and their relationships with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among university students during the coronavirus disease 2019 in China. A total of 569 university students completed online surveys twice (Time 1: between December 2020 and January 2021; Time 2: between November and December 2021). Physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep duration and quality, as well as PTSD were self-reported. According to Canadian 24-h movement guidelines, the longitudinal shifts in each movement behavior from Time 1 to Time 2 were divided into four categories (consistently meeting the guidelines, from meeting to not meeting the guidelines, from not meeting to meeting the guidelines, and consistently not meeting the guidelines). Generalized linear mixed models were conducted using 410 valid responses (20.2 ± 1.0 years old at Time 2, 41.2% males). From Time 1 to Time 2, 22.2%, 2.0%, and 45.6% of the students consistently met the physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep guidelines, respectively. Compared to those who consistently met the sedentary behavior guideline, students who consistently failed to meet or changed from meeting to not meeting the guidelines had higher levels of PTSD. Students who had poor sleep quality at both time points or changed from good to bad sleep quality had higher levels of PTSD than those who maintained good sleep quality over time. Compared to those who consistently failed to meet the guideline, students who consistently met the PA guideline had higher levels of PTSD. These findings highlight the needs to improve and maintain healthy behaviors for mental health.

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Delayed-Onset PTSD and Coping Strategies of Chinese College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Routine laboratory parameters predict intensive care unit admission and hospitalization in patients suffering stab injuries

Routine laboratory parameters predict intensive care unit admission and hospitalization in patients suffering stab injuries

Psychological Responses and Strategies Towards the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Higher Education Students in Portugal and Switzerland: A Mixed-Methods Study

Longitudinal Shifts in Movement Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Relations to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among University Students

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