Delayed-impact infectious disease after a natural disaster

Bissell, Richard A.

doi:10.1016/0736-4679(83)90010-0

Cited by 54 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…The most common health problems reported among flood victims are: trauma caused by lives lost mainly from drowning [19], increased incidence of infectious diseases, especially acute gastrointestinal infections because of faeco-oral cycling from disruption of sewage disposal [10,20] or untreated sewage disposal [17]; vector-borne and rodent-borne infections, such as malaria, yellow fever, dengue fever, West Nile fever, Hantavirus and leptospirosis [14,15,19,21]; wound infections or injuries [10,22]; and mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, sleeplessness and post-traumatic stress [18,21,23]. In recent years, several studies have been conducted to review health impacts of flooding worldwide [10], however, most have focused on developing countries [10,11] and on flooding caused after hurricanes or tropical cyclones [12,14,17,18]. The limited literature obtainable on developed countries is primarily from the United States [12,17], Europe [18,20] and Australia; and there is a deficiency in literature that documents flood-related health issues from rural Canada, especially semi-arid southern Alberta.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the destruction of critical infrastructures, flood-related natural disasters have adverse effects on human health [10][11][12][13][14][15][16], particularly among survivors [17] and displaced persons' health [18]. The most common health problems reported among flood victims are: trauma caused by lives lost mainly from drowning [19], increased incidence of infectious diseases, especially acute gastrointestinal infections because of faeco-oral cycling from disruption of sewage disposal [10,20] or untreated sewage disposal [17]; vector-borne and rodent-borne infections, such as malaria, yellow fever, dengue fever, West Nile fever, Hantavirus and leptospirosis [14,15,19,21]; wound infections or injuries [10,22]; and mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, sleeplessness and post-traumatic stress [18,21,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health impacts of the 2005 flood events on feedlot farm families in southern Alberta, Canada

Acharya¹,

Kalischuk²,

Klein³

et al. 2007

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol 103

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In the summer of 2005, southern Alberta received heavy rainfall that led to extensive flooding. Four separate flooding events severely affected several rural communities, roads, bridges, and businesses within the region; specifically, the flooding affected farm families living on Canada's largest feedlot operations in the area. This article explores the health-related impacts of the 2005 flood events on families who reside on feedlot farms in southern Alberta. Utilizing random sampling, an in-person survey was conducted between September and December 2005 with 33 affected feedlot farm families living in the Lethbridge Northern Irrigation District, home of the greatest number of large beef feedlot operations in Canada. Three percent of participants (and 12% of their family members) reported flood-related health problems. However, 63% of participants (and 58% of their family members) reported flood-related mental health problems, and 40% (and 24% of family members) indicated that they experienced isolation and helplessness. Only 9% of the participants accessed health services. Most participants reported that their communities were more helpful in dealing with their flood-related health problems than were public and service delivery sectors. A majority (91%) of participants reported that their family was helpful, followed by friends (64%), neighbors (42%), church (39%), and employees (36%). Among the affected feedlot farm families, a small percentage experienced physical health problems but a much larger percentage had mental health problems. However, only a few utilized health care services. This information will be important to health care leaders and policy makers as they plan and develop efficient and effective health care support for farm families exposed to flooding events.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health impacts of the 2005 flood events on feedlot farm families in southern Alberta, Canada

Acharya¹,

Kalischuk²,

Klein³

et al. 2007

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol 103

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“…İnsanların, afet sonrası kamplara tahliyesi, enfeksiyon hastalıklarına eğilim yaratmaktadır. Bu kamplardaki insan yoğunluğu ve sağlıksız olabilen hijyen şartları, hem fekal-oral hem de hava yolu ile bulaşabilecek hastalıklar için uygun ortam oluşturmaktadır [12]. Afet sonrasındaki dört gün ile dört haftalık zaman sürecinde, diyare ve hepatit gibi klinik tablolara yol açan ajanların (örneğin: Vibrio cholerae, Shigella dysenteriae, Cryptosporidium spp., rotavirus, norovirus, Salmonella spp., Giardia spp, Leptospira spp, hepatit A ve E virusleri) neden olduğu su kaynaklı hastalıklar rapor edilmiştir [10].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Impact of Van earthquake on some water-borne infectious diseases

Bayram¹

2014

Diclemedj

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Objective: In this study, it was aimed to compare the isolation frequency of some water-borne disease causing microorganisms in pediatric patients before and after Van earthquake in order to determine the potential impact of earthquake on those selected infectious diseases. Methods: The laboratory test results of Adenovirus, Rotavirus, Hepatitis A virus (HAV), Giardia intestinalis and E.histolytica/dispar which were requested from 0-14 years old children, during six months before and six months after Van earthquake which took place on 23 October 2011, were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Adenovirus, Rotavirus, Anti HAV IgM and E.histolytica/dispar showed reduction in the isolation frequency rate during the six months period after the earthquake compared with the same period of previous year. The reduction rates in the isolation frequencies of Rotavirus and E.histolytica/dispar were found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). In contrast, Giardia intestinalis isolation frequency was significantly higher in the six months period after the earthquake (<0.001). Conclusion: Disaster management programme which was conducted after Van earthquake have been shown to be effective in preventing water-borne infectious diseases. Taking special precautions against Giardia spp. after earthquakes should be kept in mind.

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“…9 Flooding has been reported as a risk factor for Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A infections, 12 and typhoid outbreaks after cyclones and hurricanes have been documented in the literature. [13][14][15] In the Pacific, unpublished reports from WHO and South Pacific Commission have linked typhoid outbreaks with other cyclones in Fiji and Samoa (Samuela J, unpublished data; Souares Y, unpublished data). Despite their common transmission routes, reports are relatively few compared with the extensive documentation of post-disaster outbreaks of non-specific diarrhea and cholera.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a Targeted Typhoid Vaccination Campaign Following Cyclone Tomas, Republic of Fiji, 2010

Scobie¹,

Nilles²,

Kama³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. After a category 4 cyclone that caused extensive population displacement and damage to water and sanitation infrastructure in Fiji in March 2010, a typhoid vaccination campaign was conducted as part of the post-disaster response. During June-December 2010, 64,015 doses of typhoid Vi polysaccharide vaccine were administered to persons 2 years of age, primarily in cyclone-affected areas that were typhoid endemic. Annual typhoid fever incidence decreased during the post-campaign year (2011) relative to preceding years (2008)(2009) in three subdivisions where a large proportion of the population was vaccinated (incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals: 0.23, 0.13-0.41; 0.24, 0.14-0.41; 0.58, 0.40-0.86), and increased or remained unchanged in 12 subdivisions where little to no vaccination occurred. Vaccination played a role in reducing typhoid fever incidence in high-incidence areas after a disaster and should be considered in endemic settings, along with comprehensive control measures, as recommended by the World Health Organization.

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Delayed-impact infectious disease after a natural disaster

Cited by 54 publications

References 1 publication

Health impacts of the 2005 flood events on feedlot farm families in southern Alberta, Canada

Health impacts of the 2005 flood events on feedlot farm families in southern Alberta, Canada

Impact of Van earthquake on some water-borne infectious diseases

Impact of a Targeted Typhoid Vaccination Campaign Following Cyclone Tomas, Republic of Fiji, 2010

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