Impact of a Targeted Typhoid Vaccination Campaign Following Cyclone Tomas, Republic of Fiji, 2010

Scobie, Heather M.; Nilles, Eric J.; Kama, Mike; Kool, J. L.; Mintz, Eric D.; Wannemuehler, Kathleen; Hyde, Terri B.; Dawainavesi, Akanisi; Singh, Sheetalpreet; Korovou, Samuel; Jenkins, Kylie; Date, Kashmira

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.13-0728

Cited by 36 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(11 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Typhoid Vi polysaccharide vaccines have been used in mass vaccination campaigns in several Asian countries where typhoid fever is endemic and its epidemiology is well understood. 12,16,18,19 The success of vaccination campaigns has influenced WHO to recommend consideration of the use of these vaccines to target high-risk groups in countries where typhoid is endemic and to control epidemics. 12 Social scientists have investigated behavioral, sociocultural, political, and economic factors that may influence vaccine acceptance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formative Investigation of Acceptability of Typhoid Vaccine During a Typhoid Fever Outbreak in Neno District, Malawi

Blum¹,

Dentz²,

Chingoli³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Typhoid fever affects an estimated 22 million people annually and causes 216,000 deaths worldwide. We conducted an investigation in August and September 2010 to examine the acceptability of typhoid vaccine in Neno District, Malawi where a typhoid outbreak was ongoing. We used qualitative methods, including freelisting exercises, key informant and in-depth interviews, and group discussions. Respondents associated illness with exposure to "bad wind," and transmission was believed to be airborne. Typhoid was considered extremely dangerous because of its rapid spread, the debilitating conditions it produced, the number of related fatalities, and the perception that it was highly contagious. Respondents were skeptical about the effectiveness of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) interventions. The perceived severity of typhoid and fear of exposure, uncertainty about the effectiveness of WaSH measures, and widespread belief in the efficacy of vaccines in preventing disease resulted in an overwhelming interest in receiving typhoid vaccine during an outbreak.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formative Investigation of Acceptability of Typhoid Vaccine During a Typhoid Fever Outbreak in Neno District, Malawi

Blum¹,

Dentz²,

Chingoli³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Value a and 90% confidence interval estimated for highly endemic Asian settings [13]. In Uganda the Gross Domestic Product per capita is US$ 598 and so, based on WHO standard measures for cost-effectiveness, this intervention would be classified as highly cost-effective [28].…”

Section: Itemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One ViCPS vaccine manufactured by Sanofi Pasteur is licensed in many countries for persons 2 years of age and older and is WHO pre-qualified. The ViCPS vaccine has been widely adopted for programmatic use, to control outbreaks in a school in China, and in a preemptive mass vaccination campaign in Fiji following a tropical cyclone [8,[10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic evaluation of typhoid vaccination in a prolonged typhoid outbreak setting: The case of Kasese district in Uganda

Carias

Wefula²,

Date

et al. 2015

Vaccine

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tBackground: Vaccination has been increasingly promoted to help control epidemic and endemic typhoid fever in high-incidence areas. Despite growing recognition that typhoid incidence in some areas of subSaharan Africa is similar to high-incidence areas of Asia, no large-scale typhoid vaccination campaigns have been conducted there. We performed an economic evaluation of a hypothetical one-time, fixed-post typhoid vaccination campaign in Kasese, a rural district in Uganda where a large, multi-year outbreak of typhoid fever has been reported. Methods: We used medical cost and epidemiological data retrieved on-site and campaign costs from previous fixed-post vaccination campaigns in Kasese to account for costs from a public sector health care delivery perspective. We calculated program costs and averted disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and medical costs as a result of vaccination, to calculate the cost of the intervention per DALY and case averted. Results: Over the 3 years of projected vaccine efficacy, a one-time vaccination campaign was estimated to avert 1768 (90%CI: 684-4431) typhoid fever cases per year and a total of 3868 (90%CI: 1353-9807) DALYs over the duration of the immunity conferred by the vaccine. The cost of the intervention per DALY averted was US$ 484 (90%CI: 18-1292) and per case averted US$ 341 (90%CI: 13-883). Conclusion: We estimated the vaccination campaign in this setting to be highly cost-effective, according to WHO's cost-effective guidelines. Results may be applicable to other African settings with similar high disease incidence estimates.

show abstract

“…There are few instances of use of typhoid vaccine in post-disaster situation e.g. following a cyclone in Fiji [9] and following complex disasters in Tajikistan and Iran [5]. The study in Fiji demonstrated that the introduction of typhoid vaccine in the post-disaster stage could reduce the incidence of typhoid cases in an endemic region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Vaccination campaign against typhoid in temporary shelters after 2015 earthquake in Bhaktapur, Nepal

Dhoubhadel¹,

Parry²,

Suzuki³

et al. 2017

Int. J. SAFE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After the devastating effects of the 2015 earthquake in Nepal, the provisions for safe drinking water, personal hygiene, and sewage management were compromised among displaced people living in temporary shelters. Typhoid fever is endemic in Kathmandu valley, which is transmitted among people by the faecal-oral route and outbreaks can occur in post-disaster situations. To reduce the risk of transmission and outbreaks, typhoid vaccine was introduced for young children and adolescents for whom the risk of typhoid fever was highest. With the collaboration of Siddhi Memorial Hospital, Nepal Paediatric Society, and Nagasaki University, a typhoid vaccination campaign was implemented in Bhaktapur district in the valley. The campaign was conducted in all 23 temporary camps in the district. Among 4,263 children aged 2 to 15 years, 4,216 (98.9%) received a single dose of the typhoid Vi polysaccharide vaccine. Most of the children (47.8%) were 11 to 15 years of age, and girls were 50.2%. Only four children (0.1%) had an adverse event following immunization (AEFI). Local camp leaders, public health officials, and local youth clubs participated in the immunization programme. In a review of admissions to the local children's hospital, there was no apparent increase in typhoid cases in the postearthquake period. Despite the various difficulties in the post-earthquake situation in Nepal in 2015, the vaccination campaign for the prevention of typhoid fever was successfully carried out among young children and adolescents.

show abstract

Impact of a Targeted Typhoid Vaccination Campaign Following Cyclone Tomas, Republic of Fiji, 2010

Cited by 36 publications

References 10 publications

Formative Investigation of Acceptability of Typhoid Vaccine During a Typhoid Fever Outbreak in Neno District, Malawi

Formative Investigation of Acceptability of Typhoid Vaccine During a Typhoid Fever Outbreak in Neno District, Malawi

Economic evaluation of typhoid vaccination in a prolonged typhoid outbreak setting: The case of Kasese district in Uganda

Vaccination campaign against typhoid in temporary shelters after 2015 earthquake in Bhaktapur, Nepal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About