“…9, l1 = 1.256 × 10 10 rad/s and by using (12) and (13) it is found that m1 = 1.618 × 10 10 rad/s with β c1 = 0.9553 rad. Then (10), (11) and (14) are used to calculate β 1 = 0.4286 rad. The initial starting location for p 1 is therefore (- 1 , 1 ) = (0.994, 17.790) × 10 9 .…”