Degradation of trichloroethylene in aqueous solution by persulfate activated with citric acid chelated ferrous ion

Degradation of chloramphenicol by persulfate activated by Fe 2+ and zerovalent iron

“…Lei et al [34] and Wu et al [35] also obtained similar results for Acid Orange 7 treatment in Fe 2+ -PS-ascorbic acid system (initial pH = 3) and trichloroethylene treatment in Fe 2+ -PS-CA system, respectively.…”

Naproxen abatement by thermally activated persulfate in aqueous systems

“…According to the above investigations and previous data regarding the elucidation of TAP oxidation mechanisms [24,26,52], a scheme of the degradation mechanism of NAP could be proposed as reported in Fig. 8.…”

Removal of tetrachloroethylene from homogeneous and heterogeneous porous media: Combined effects of surfactant solubilization and oxidant degradation

“…In order to inhibit the undesired SO 4 ÅÀ consumption, organic chelating agents (e.g., citric acid (CA) and sodium citrate) have been used in Fe 2+ activated PS systems [28][29][30]. Results indicated that chelating agents can balance the amounts of free ferrous iron in the systems, leading to slow generation of SO 4 ÅÀ and increased degradation efficiency [24,28]. Even so, several studies have shown that considerable high oxidation efficiency can be obtained only if the contaminants are present in the dissolved phase.…”

“…Because of its relatively high stability and strong oxidation ability, persulfate (PS) shows some advantages over traditional ISCO oxidants [22]. For instance, PS is more stable than hydrogen peroxide and has wider reactivity than permanganate in the subsurface [23,24]. It can be activated by transition metals such as Fe 2+ to produce powerful oxidant known as free sulfate radical (SO 4 Å À ) with a redox potential of 2.4 V [25,26]:…”