Degradation of Textile Dyes Mediated by Plant Peroxidases

Abstract

The peroxidase enzyme from the plants Ipomea palmata (1.003 IU/g of leaf) and Saccharum spontaneum (3.6 IU/g of leaf) can be used as an alternative to the commercial source of horseradish and soybean peroxidase enzyme for the decolorization of textile dyes, mainly azo dyes. Eight textiles dyes currently used by the industry and seven other dyes were selected for decolorization studies at 25-200 mg/L levels using these plant enzymes. The enzymes were purified prior to use by ammonium sulfate precipitation, and ion exchange and gel permeation chromatographic techniques. Peroxidase of S. spontaneum leaf (specific activity of 0.23 IU/mg) could completely degrade Supranol Green and Procion Green HE-4BD (100%) dyes within 1 h, whereas Direct Blue, Procion Brilliant Blue H-7G and Chrysoidine were degraded >70% in 1 h. Peroxidase of Ipomea (I. palmata leaf; specific activity of 0.827 U/mg) degraded 50 mg/L of the dyes Methyl Orange (26%), Crystal Violet (36%), and Supranol Green (68%) in 2-4 h and Brilliant Green (54%), Direct Blue (15%), and Chrysoidine (44%) at the 25 mg/L level in 1 to 2 h of treatment. The Saccharum peroxidase was immobilized on a hydrophobic matrix. Four textile dyes, Procion Navy Blue HER, Procion Brilliant Blue H-7G, Procion Green HE-4BD, and Supranol Green, at an initial concentration of 50 mg/L were completely degraded within 8 h by the enzyme immobilized on the modified polyethylene matrix. The immobilized enzyme was used in a batch reactor for the degradation of Procion Green HE-4BD and the reusability was studied for 15 cycles, and the half-life was found to be 60 h.

Synergistic degradation of diazo dye Direct Red 5B by Portulaca grandiflora and Pseudomonas putida

“…3 Decrease in absorbance of DR5B after treatment by Pseudomonas putida, Portulaca grandiflora and consortium-PP in 96 h systems for enzymatic decolorization and degradation of azo dyes has significant potential to address the problem of dye containing effluent . Peroxidases from Ipomoea palmata and Saccharum spontaneum and Phragmites australis have been used for dye decolorization (Carias et al 2007;Peralta-Zamora et al 1998;Shaffiqu et al 2002). LiP, tyrosinase, veratryl alcohol oxidase, DCIP reductase and laccase activity have been shown to be induced in root system of T. patula, B. malcolmii, T. flagelliforme, A. amellus and G. pulchella during the decolorization of DR5B, Brilliant Blue R, Remazol Red and Green HE4B (Kabra et al 2011a, b;Kagalkar et al 2009Kagalkar et al , 2010Khandare et al 2011a, b;Patil et al 2009).…”

“…Plant and microbial synergism has been widely studied for the treatment of different pollutants. For instance, polycyclic and other aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated compounds such as organochlorine herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, polychlorinated biphenyls, petroleum products and crudeoil have been shown to be degraded by bacterially assisted phytoremediation where, some endophytic bacteria and Pseudomonas species were involved (Brandt et al 2006;Glick 2010;Shaffiqu et al 2002;Sun et al 2010). Pseudomonas species have also been found to be involved in textile dye decolorization (Kalme et al 2007).…”

Application of Diethylaminoethyl Cellulose Immobilized Pointed Gourd (Trichosanthes dioica) Peroxidase in Treatment of Phenol and α-Naphthol

“…The effectiveness factor of an immobilized enzyme system reflects the efficiency of the immobilization procedure as it is a measure of internal diffusion [16]. In the case of PGP, the yield of immobilization on DEAE was sufficiently better over other methods of immobilization of peroxidases [45,46].…”

Evaluation of Peroxidase Activity in Selected Vegetables from Hyderabad, Telangana, India

“…In recent years it is used in the processes like detoxification and removal of variety of organic pollutants, e.g. aromatic amines, phenols, dyes, etc., from contaminated waste water (Duran and Esposito, 2000;Shaffiqu et al, 2002;Bhunia et al, 2001;Akhtar et al, 2005).…”